Government and Economics

Question 1

What is an incentive?

Answer 1

Something that motivates or encourages a person to do something.

Question 2

What is a subsidy?

Answer 2

Financial assistance that the government provides to cover part of the cost of an item.

Question 3

What are progressive taxes?

Answer 3

Types of taxes in which people with higher incomes pay a larger percentage of their income than those with lower incomes.

Question 4

What are regressive taxes?

Answer 4

Type of taxes in which people with lower and middle income pay a larger percentage of their income than the rich.

Question 5

What are flat taxes?

Answer 5

A type of tax system in which everyone pays the same percentage of their income.

Question 6

What is property tax?

Answer 6

Yearly taxation of owned land and buildings, is typically based on a small percentage of the total value of the property.

Question 7

What are crown corporations?

Answer 7

Companies created and owned by the government of a country or province.

Question 8

What is privatization?

Answer 8

The action of selling companies to investors and turning them into private companies.

Question 9

What is supply?

Answer 9

Supply refers to how much of an item is available in the market.

Question 10

What is demand?

Answer 10

Demand refers to the quantity of an item that people want and the extent to which they desire it.

Question 11

What is elastic demand?

Answer 11

Refers to demand for products that are not necessary, or can easily be replaced.

Question 12

What is inelastic demand?

Answer 12

Refers to demand for products that are necessary and can not be easily replaced.

Question 13

What are constituents?

Answer 13

A constituent is a member of a riding who is represented by elected officials.

Question 14

What is a riding?

Answer 14

Geographical divisions based on the size or population that elects a representative.

Question 15

What is a nomination?

Answer 15

Choosing a candidate to run for office.

Question 16

What is first-past-the-post?

Answer 16

A system used in an election where the candidate who has the most votes wins.

Question 17

What is right and left-wing?

Answer 17

Political ideologies that oppose each other. Right-wing ideologies like to prioritize the individual and want to keep traditions.

Left-wing ideologies like to prioritize the group and care about equality.

Question 18

What is Liberalism?

Answer 18

Liberalism emphasizes individual rights and freedoms. It supports a capitalist free market with little government intervention. Supports representative democracy as well.

Question 19

What is conservativism?

Answer 19

Conservativism emphasizes tradition, order and stability in society. Supports a free market with little government intervention. Wants to keep existing business and opposes rapid changes.

Question 20

What is fascism?

Answer 20

The nation and its success comes before individual success. Supports mixed economy where private corporations make profit but, the state gives orders. Advocates for a totalitarian state.

Question 21

What is communism?

Answer 21

Promotes social equality. No inequalities based on class, race, gender, or other factors. Supports the economy controlled by the government. Wants the working class to hold political power.

Question 22

What are ideologies?

Answer 22

A set of fundamental beliefs and values about society and human nature that are often related to politics.

Question 23

What is legislative?

Answer 23

The legislative branch is the part of government that is involved in passing new laws, taxes, and budgets.

Question 24

What is judicial?

Answer 24

The judicial branch is responsible for interpreting laws and making sure that new laws follow the Constitution.

Question 25

What is executive?

Answer 25

The executive branch is in charge of all the departments and organizations part of the government and has the power to take action.

Question 26

What is a constitution?

Answer 26

A constitution provides the basic rules and principles that govern a country.

Question 27

What is the Charter of Rights and Freedoms?

Answer 27

It guarantees certain rights and freedoms for all Canadian citizens and residents, limiting the actions that the government can take.

Question 28

What are Checks and Balances?

Answer 28

The idea of splitting political power between different parts of government to prevent arbitrary and unfair decisions.

Question 29

What is the Power of the Purse?

Answer 29

The ability of the House of Commons to control government spending and taxation.

Question 30

What is a majority government?

Answer 30

A government formed by a party that wins more than half of the seats in the House of Commons.

Question 31

What is a minority government?

Answer 31

A government where the ruling party has fewer than half of the seats in the House of Commons.

Question 32

What is reciprocity?

Answer 32

Important part of Indigenous government - relationships go both ways.

Question 33

What are relationships? (Indigenous)

Answer 33

The connection between indigenous governments.

Question 34

What are hereditary chiefs?

Answer 34

Jobs and roles that are passed on from parents to child.

Question 35

What is the Indian Act/Status Indian?

Answer 35

The Indian Act was a policy to assimilate Indigenous people. Status Indian - A person who is a member of an Indian/Indigenous group. You get benefits according to your group but cannot vote or own property.

Question 36

What is the Royal Proclamation of 1763?

Answer 36

The royal proclamation was a legal document that stated that only the government could buy land from Indigenous nations.