GP VOPPS Flashcards
(67 cards)
1
Q
Contraindications of breast feeding.
A
- HIV when alternative feeding is suitable.
- Human T-cell leukaemia virus.
- Active TB while mother is still infectious.
- Illicit drug use.
- Some medications.
- Galactosaemia.
2
Q
- HIV when alternative feeding is suitable.
- Human T-cell leukaemia virus.
- Active TB while mother is still infectious.
- Illicit drug use.
- Some medications.
- Galactosaemia.
A
- Contraindications of breast feeding.
3
Q
Predisposing factors for mastitis.
A
- Cracked nipples
- Milk stasis.
- Sources of staph infection
- Past history of mastitis
- Depressed immune system
4
Q
Treatment for mastitis.
A
- Keep the breast drained
- Antibiotics
- Analgesia/ anti-inflammatory agents
5
Q
Antibiotic options/ regimes for mastitis.
A
- Dicloxicillin 500 mg QID
- Cephalexin 500 mg QID
- Clindamycin 450 mg QID
6
Q
NHMRC - Infant feeding guidelines.
A
- Exclusive breastfeeding for around 6 months.
- Continued breastfeeding with solids for 12 months
- Continue breastfeeding for as long as mother and infant desire.
7
Q
Murtagh’s diagnostic strategy for Acute Abdominal Pain: Diagnostic Probability in Adults.
A
- Acute gastroenteritis.
- Acute appendicitis.
- Mittleschmirtz/ dysmenorrhoea
- IBS
- Biliary colic/ renal colic
8
Q
Murtagh’s diagnostic strategy for Acute Abdominal Pain: Diagnostic Probability in Children.
A
- Gastroenteritis.
- Infant colic.
- Mesenteric adentitis.
9
Q
Murtagh’s diagnostic strategy for Acute Abdominal Pain: RED FLAG CONDITIONS in Children.
A
- Intussusception
- Acute appendicitis
- Bowel obstruction.
10
Q
Whats the rash?
Rash features:
- Pale pink
- Maculopapular rash, usually confined to the trunk.
- Often fades within 48 hours.
A
- Viral exantha (fourth disease)
11
Q
Whats the rash?
Rash features:
- Starts as bright macular rash on face with circumoral pallor.
- Then becomes maculopapular rash on limbs.
- Prodromal symptoms 2 - 5 days prior to rash onset.
A
- Erythema infectiousum (slapped cheek disease, or fifth disease)
12
Q
Whats the rash?
Rash features:
- Sudden high fever, falling after 3 days.
- Rash after fever falls.
- Blanching erythematous rash on trunk and limbs.
A
- Roseola (sixth disease)
13
Q
Whats the rash?
Rash features:
- Fever, headache, malaise, and sore throat 1 - 2 days prior to onset of rash.
- Macules that progress to vesicles.
- Present on palms, soles, and buccal mucosa.
- May appear on limbs, buttocks, and genitalia.
A
- Hand, foot, and mouth disease.
14
Q
Whats the rash?
Rash features:
- Pruritic erythematous maculopapular rash with centripetal distribution.
- “Cropping” of vesicle, papules, and crusting lesions.
A
- Chickenpox.
15
Q
Whats the rash?
Rash features:
- Blotchy erythematous maculopapular rash.
- Rash starts behind ears, spreading to face, then trunk, then limbs.
- Koplick spots (white spots on buccal mucosa)
- 3 C’s; coryza, conjunctivtis, and cough
A
- Measles
16
Q
Whats the rash?
Rash features:
- Pale pink maculopapular rash, worse on sun exposed areas.
- Rash starts at face and neck, and spreads to extremities.
- Brief duration, with mild systemic symptoms.
A
- Rubella
17
Q
Whats the rash?
Rash features:
- Gingivostomatitis
- May have vesicular lesion on face and conjunctivae
A
- Herpes simplex virus
18
Q
Rash causative agent: Viral exantha (fourth disease)
A
- Various, especially enteroviruses.
19
Q
Rash causative agent: Erythema infectiousum (slapped cheek disease, fifth disease)
A
- Parvovirus B19
20
Q
Rash causative agent: Roseola (sixth disease)
A
- Human herpes virus 6
21
Q
Rash causative agent: Hand, foot, and mouth disease.
A
- Enterovirus, usually coxsackie virus.
22
Q
Rash causative agent: Chickenpox
A
- Varicella zoster virus
23
Q
Rash causative agent: Measles
A
- RNA paramyxovirus
24
Q
Rash causative agent: Rubella
A
- Togavirus
25
Rash causative agent: Herpes simplex virus
1. Herpes simplex virus.
26
Whats the rash?
Rash Features:
1. Vesicopustular crusted lesions or bullous lesions.
1. Impetigo
27
Whats the rash?
Rash Features:
1. Prodrome: malaise, sore throat, fever, vomiting.
2. Punctate erythematous blancing rash (boiled lobster)
3. Texture of sandpaper
4. Starts on neck, rapidly becomes generalised.
5. Prominent in skin folds.
6. Absent/ sparse on face, palms, and soles.
1. Scarlet fever.
28
Whats the rash?
Rash features:
1. Non-blanching petechial/ purpuric rash.
1. Meningococcal septicaemia
29
Whats the rash?
Rash Features:
1. Fever lasting 5 days or more plus at least 4 of the following:
a) polymorphous rash
b) bilateral conjunctivae injection
c) mucus membrane changes (strawberry
tongue)
d) palm/ sole erythema, desquamation or
oedema
e) cervical lymphadenopathy
1. Kawasaki disease
30
Rash causative agent: Impetigo
1. Staph aereus
| 2. Strep pyogenes
31
Rash causative agent: Scarlet fever
1. Group A Strep
32
Rash causative agent: Meningococcal septicaemia
1. Neisseria meningitidis
33
Rash causative agent: Kawasaki disease
1. Systemic vasculitis
34
National Immunisation Schedule: Birth
1. HBV
| 2. TB (ATSI)
35
National Immunisation Schedule: 2 and 4 months
1. Diptheria
2. Tetanus
3. Pertussis
4. HBV
5. Poliomylitis
6. Hib
7. Pneumococcal
8. Rotavirus
36
National Immunisation Schedule: 12 months
1. Measles, mumps, rubella
2. Meningococcal
3. Pneumococcal
4. HAV (ATSI)
37
National Immunisation Schedule: 18 months
1. Measles, mumps, rubella, varicella
2. Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis
3. Hib
4. HAV (ATSI)
38
National Immunisation Schedule: 4 years
1. Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis
2. Poliomyelitis
3. Pneumococcal (Medically at risk)
39
National Immunisation Schedule: 6 months
1. Diphtheria
2. Tetanus
3. Pertussis
4. HBV
5. Poliomyelitis
6. Hib
7. Pneumococcal (ATSI)
40
National Immunisation Schedule: 12 - 13 years.
1. HPV
| 2. Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis
41
National Immunisation Schedule: 14 - 16 years.
1. Meningococcal
42
National Immunisation Schedule: Pregnant women
1. Pertussis
| 2. Influenza
43
National Immunisation Schedule: 70 - 79 years
1. Shingles - herpes zoster
44
National Immunisation Schedule: Adult Pneumococcal
1. 15 - 49 year old ATSI with medical risks
2. 50 years and over ATSI
3. 65 years and over general population
45
Red Flags for NEW ONSET headache.
1. Seizure but not epileptic
2. Pregnant or post-partum
3. Anticoagulants
4. Amphetamine or cocaine use
5. > 50 years
6. Young and obese
7. History of cancer or immunodeficiency
46
General Red Flags for headache.
1. Head injury
2. Woken from sleep
3. Neurovegtative symptoms
4. Fever or vomiting
5. Neck stiffness
6. Worsened by cough/ physical activity.
7. Abrupt onset
8. Progressive worsening
47
What's the PV discharge?
Features:
1. Offensive odour
2. Dysuria
3. Vulval itch with erythema
4. Copious bubbly discharge
5. Strawberry cervix
1. Trichomoniasis.
48
What's the PV discharge?
Features:
1. Thick, white, 'cottage cheese'
2. Non-offensive odour
3. Vulval itch, oedema, erythema
4. Skin fissures, satellite lesions
4. Terminal dysuria
5. Superficial dyspareunia
1. Candidiasis
49
What's the PV discharge?
Features:
1. Thin, grey/ white watery discharge.
2. Fishy odour
3. Discharge coats vestibule/ vagina
1. Bacterial Vaginosis
50
GP Management of Trichomoniasis.
1. High vaginal swab for PCR
2. Either: Metronidazole or Tinidazole
3. No sexual contact for 7 days after treatment
4. Current sexual partner requires treatment.
51
GP Management of Bacterial Vaginosis.
1. High vaginal swab for M/C/S
2. No treatment if asymptomatic.
3. Metronidazole or clindamycin before gynaecological procedures or if symptomatic.
52
GP Management of Candidiasis.
1. No treatment if asymptomatic (may be normal flora)
| 2. If symptomatic; clotrimazole or fluconazole creams
53
Non pharmacological management of menopause.
1. Diet
2. Exercise
3. Relaxation
4. Reduce smoking
5. Reduce caffeine
6. Reduce alcohol
7. Pelvic floor exercises.
54
HRT oestrogen only option.
1. Recommended in women post-hysterectomy
2. No history of endometriosis
3. Must be taken continuously
55
HRT combined oestrogen and progesterone option.
1. Given to women with a uterus.
| 1. Either continuously or cyclic
56
Alternative options to HRT.
1. Lifestyle changes.
2. Tibolone
3. Testosterone (in very low libido)
4. SSRI and venlafaxine
5. Complementary (naturals)
57
First choice antibiotics for UTI.
1. Trimethoprim
| 2. Cephalexin
58
Combined oral contraceptives: MOA.
1. Inhibits ovulation.
2. Reduces receptivity of endometrium to implantation.
3. Thickens cervical mucus to form barrier to sperm.
59
Combined oral contraceptives: Protection from pregnancy.
1. Best started on 1st day of period.
2. Protected immediately if commenced on any of the first 5 'active' days of the cycle.
3. Otherwise protected following 7 active pills.
60
Progesterone only contraceptives: MOA
1. Acts on hypothalamus and suppresses pituitary LH surge.
2. May inhibit ovulation.
3. Thickens cervical mucus to form barrier to sperm.
4. Reduces receptivity of endometrium to implantation.
61
First choice antibiotics for TYPICAL community acquired pneumonia.
Either:
1. Amoxycillin
OR
2. Doxycycline
62
First choice antibiotic for otitis media.
1. Amoxycillin
63
Adhesive capsultitis (frozen shoulder).
1. Second most common shoulder disorder.
2. Characterised by pain in 3 phases.
a) Painful phase
b) Stiffening phase
c) Resolution
3. Loss of motion in all planes to variable degrees
64
Rotator cuff tear.
1. Most common shoulder disorder.
| 2. Decreased ROM with relative full passive ROM.
65
Laboratory tests for diagnosis of diabetes.
1. FBG
2. RBG
3. OGTT
4. HbA1c
66
Diagnosis identified by screening: FBG or RBG
1. FBG > 7.0
2. RBG > 11.1
3. Confirmed if same the next day.
67
Diagnosis identified by screening: HbA1c
1. > 6.5% on 2 x separate occasions
