Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

NS > Gr.9 Work > Flashcards

Gr.9 Work Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 divisions of the Earth as a system?

A

Atmosphere

Lithosphere

Hydrosphere

Biosphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 4 layers of the lithosphere?

A

Crust

Mantle

Inner core

Outer core

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is an element?

A

Something that consists of only one type of atom.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a compound?

A

Something that consists of 2 or more elements.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a mineral?

A

An element or compound that is found in the earth’s crust.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the 3 types of rocks?

A

Igneous

Metamorphic

Sedimentary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What do you call lava that cools on the surface?

A

Pumice rock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What do you call magma that cools underground?

A

Granite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What do you call a separate path of magma that gathers and eventually cools and hardens?

A

A magma pool

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where is gold found?

A

In sedimentary rock, in cracks called veins.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are 2 basic methods of extraction?

A

Gold sluicing

Gold panning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the 2 chemical methods of extraction?

A

Chemicals are used to dissolve the ore

Refining involves the removal of impurities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the 4 layers of the atmosphere?

A

Troposphere ⛈

Stratosphere 🌫

Mesosphere ☄

Thermosphere 📡

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the 3 most common gases in the atmosphere?

A

Nitrogen

Oxygen

Water vapour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What do we call the increase and decrease in temperature in the different layers of the atmosphere?

A

The temperature gradient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is ore?

A

Rock containing high concentrations of a mineral. 💎⛏

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How high is the highest point of the troposphere?

A

10km above the crust

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What portion of the earth’s gases are found in the troposphere?

A

70%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Why is the troposphere the only layer that has the biosphere?

A

It is the only layer that has the lithosphere and the hydrosphere.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the highest point of the stratosphere?

A

50km

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Where is the ozone layer?

A

10-40km high (stratosphere)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What does the ozone do?

A

It absorbs UV rays

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What helpful things does the ozone layer ensure?

A

Humans get less skin cancer, cataracts and immunity suppression

Photosynthesis occurs normally

Life cycles and reproduction in animals occur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the highest point of the mesosphere?

A

80km

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Why do 'shooting stars' occur here? ☄
The air is just dense enough to cause small rocks to burn.
26
What is the highest point of the thermosphere?
500km
27
At what height do satellites orbit?
350km
28
What does the lowest part of the Thermosphere reflect?
Radio waves for TV and radio broadcasts
29
Which layer(s) keep(s) the earth warm?
Troposphere
30
What is the first form of a star called?
A protostar ⭐️
31
In what way does energy change in a star?
``` Gravitational potential energy ⬇️ Kinetic energy ⬇️ Thermal energy ```
32
What is released by nuclear fusion?
2 positrons, 2 neutrinos &and energy
33
How old is the sun?
4,6 billion years
34
What type of star is the sun?
A medium sized yellow dwarf
35
How hot is the sun?
. | 5 505 C
36
What burns at the core of a red giant and what can it form?
Helium Forms oxygen and carbon
37
What do kilograms measure?
Mass
38
What do Newtons measure?
Force (including weight)
39
What are the 2 types of forces?
Contact forces Non-contact forces
40
What are the 3 types of contact forces?
Friction Tension Compression
41
What are the 2 types of non-contact forces?
Gravitational Magnetic
42
What does Newton's law say about gravity?
The closerthe objects, the stronger the gravitational pull.
43
What is an electrode?
A solid positive/ negative terminal.
44
What is an electrolyte?
A medium (solution) for ions.
45
What are the 2 types of cells?
Dry cells Wet (rechargeable) cells
46
What is Ohm's law?
V ________ i I R
47
What factors affect resistance?
Length Width Temperature Conductivity
48
What can be used for safety with electricity?
Fuses Circuit breakers Earth leakage
49
What is power
The rate at which something happens.
50
What is rate?
The speed of something happening.
51
What is electrical power?
The rate at which electricity is supplied.
52
What is a power rating?
An indication of the amount of electricity that is used by an appliance.
53
What is electrical power measured in?
Watts (W) and kilowatts (kW)
54
How do you work out the cost of the power that a consumer uses?
Cost=(power rating of appliance)x | (no. of hrs used)x(unit price of electricity)
55
In a three-pin plug, what are the wires with these colours called? 🐸🐤 🐳 🐻
🐸🐤 Earth wire 🐳 Neutral wire 🐻 Live wire
56
What is the current of the circuit?
The amount of flow.
57
What is a power surge?
When the voltage is 110% above normal.
58
Look at grid overload
🐞🐝🐛🐌
59
What does an EIA stands for?
Environmental Impact Assessment
60
What does an LDR do?
Triggers light when dark
61
What is a diode?
Semi conductor. Allows current to flow in one direction.
62
In series, what is the total voltage of the battery?
The sum of the | individual cells.
63
In parallel, what is the voltage of the battery?
The value of one cell.
64
In series, what is the total voltage across the resistors?
The voltage over the battery.
65
In parallel, how does the voltage of the resistors relate to the voltage of the battery?
Each resistor has the same voltage as the battery.
66
What does a circuit breaker do?
It breaks the circuit if too much current flows through.
67
What does an earth leakage do?
It redirects extra current into the ground.
68
What is an overload?
An excess electrical current in a circuit. This can lead to fire as wires get too hot. Short circuits can occur from melting wires.
69
Where can resistors be found in: Light bulbs Kettles Electric irons
Filaments Elements Plates
70
What do you call variable conductors that can speed up or slow down current?
Rheostats
71
What is a Daniell Cell?
A reaction between zinc (negative) and copper (positive), causing an electric charge.
72
Forces work in
Pairs
73
What is gravitational force affected by?
Size Mass
74
Formula for weight
Mass x Gravitational force
75
What is a field?
An area or region over which a force is exerted. The force covers the entire field.
76
How can forces differ?
Size Speed Direction
77
How can forces have an effect.
Speed Direction Rotation Shape
78
What is friction?
A force that a surface exerts on an object. The force of the friction always acts parallel to the surface and in the opposite direction to the movement.
79
What is tension?
A contact force in a rope or cable. Stretches its members.
80
What is stellar evolution?
A process by which a star undergoes a series of radical changes.
81
What is nuclear fusion?
A chemical reaction caused by pressure that changes hydrogen to helium.
82
What is solar mass?
Standard unit of mass in astronomy. Equal to the mass of a star.
83
What is a magnetic fields?
A region around a magnetic material.
84
What is a planetary nebula?
As the pressure drops on the outside of a dying star, temperatures drop. A strong solar wind blows away most of the hydrogen. This shed is called a planetary nebula.
85
What 4 things can global warming cause? ☀️
Climate change Rising sea levels Food shortages Mass extinctions

NS (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions