GRA - Particles Flashcards
1
Q
は
A
(topic marker)
[focus of sentence: after]
(replaces を in negated sentences)
2
Q
か
A
(question marker)
3
Q
も
A
also
both … and, neither … nor
4
Q
の
A
(connects two nouns)
[first noun describes second]
5
Q
に
A
to, in
(direction marker)
at, by
(location marker)
[focus on where this place is]
6
Q
から
A
from
direction marker
7
Q
で
A
at
(location marker)
[focus on an action happening]
8
Q
が
A
(topic marker)
[focus of sentence: before]
9
Q
を
A
(indicates direct object of verb)
