Grade 10 Physical science Flashcards
(25 cards)
What is a chemical bond?
A chemical bond is a lasting attraction between atoms, ions, or molecules that enables the formation of chemical compounds.
True or False: Ionic bonds involve the sharing of electrons.
False
Fill in the blank: An ______ bond is formed when electrons are shared between two atoms.
covalent
What type of bond is formed between a metal and a non-metal?
Ionic bond
Which of the following is an example of a covalent compound: NaCl, H2O, or MgO?
H2O
What is the main characteristic of a metallic bond?
Metallic bonds involve the pooling of electrons among a lattice of metal atoms.
True or False: The octet rule states that atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons to have eight electrons in their outer shell.
True
What is the formula for water?
H2O
Define a molecular formula.
A molecular formula shows the number and types of atoms in a molecule.
What is the empirical formula of glucose (C6H12O6)?
CH2O
Fill in the blank: The ______ structure represents the arrangement of atoms in a molecule.
structural
What does the term ‘valence electrons’ refer to?
Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell of an atom that are involved in forming bonds.
Which bond type is generally stronger: ionic or covalent?
Covalent bonds are generally stronger than ionic bonds.
True or False: An ionic bond is formed when two atoms have a large difference in electronegativity.
True
What is the significance of electronegativity in bond formation?
Electronegativity determines how strongly an atom attracts electrons, influencing bond type.
What is a polar covalent bond?
A polar covalent bond is formed when electrons are shared unequally between atoms.
Fill in the blank: In a molecule of ammonia (NH3), the nitrogen atom has ______ valence electrons.
five
What is the charge of a sodium ion (Na+)?
Positive charge
Which of the following has a triple bond: N2, O2, or CO2?
N2
What does the term ‘ionic compound’ refer to?
An ionic compound is formed from the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions.
True or False: All molecules are compounds.
False
What is the general formula for alkanes?
CnH2n+2
What is a Lewis structure?
A Lewis structure is a diagram that shows the bonding between atoms and the lone pairs of electrons.
Fill in the blank: The ______ geometry of a molecule is determined by the arrangement of its bonds.
molecular
