Grade 4: History_Statehood_Ch6 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Grade 4: History_Statehood_Ch6 Deck (21)
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1
Q

When, Where and Who discovered gold

A

Gold was discovered by James Marshall and workers building a sawmill at Coloma on the banks of American River in January 24, 1848

  • James Marshall
  • Coloma, California
  • January 24, 1848
2
Q

what are the Main Routes to California during the Gold Rush

A

There were 3 Main Routes…

  1. Isthmus of Panama: narrow piece of land that connected North America and South America. In the hot climate, many people died from diseases.
  2. Ship around the tip of South America. Which was the longest route that took 3 to 8 months.
  3. By land, crossing the North American deserts and mountain ranges. People faced accidents, illness and lack of food and water.
3
Q

What does it mean to “Stake a Claim” ?

A

an area a miner said belonged to them.

to mark a claim, a miner put a wooden stake or post around it.

this was called ‘staking a claim’

4
Q

Did Miners really get rich quick?

A

no because it would take many months to try to find gold. some would be lucky and find gold, but some would not find gold at all.

5
Q

What were some major effects of the Godl Rush (on California and San Francisco)?

A

in California, the population grew rapidly and became more diverse.

San Francisco changed from a town of 800 people to a city of 35,000. Sacramento , Stockton & Marysville grew quickly because ferries/riverboats made trips up/down the Sacramento River.

Towns that had Mining Camps now have banks, food stores and doctors office. Many miners gave up mining and became merchants and shopkeepers and farmers

6
Q

Entrepreneur

A

a person who sets up a new business

7
Q

Inflation

A

a sharp increas in prices

8
Q

Discrimination

A

unfair treatment of people because of their religion, their race, or their birthplace.

9
Q

Vigilante

A

person who takes the law into their own hands

10
Q

What opportunities did women and African-Americans have in California

A

the right to own property

11
Q

What were some methods of mining for gold

A
  1. miners dug with shovels and picks, then used metal pans to search for gold by scooping river water, sand & gravel and swirl the water around. this made heavy bits sink to the bottom.
  2. used a tool called a cradle. the cradle had two trays, one above the other. miners would fill top tray with sand, soil, gravel. they would pour water over it and then rocked the cradle. Large pieces would be trapped at the top tray and rest would flow through the opening to the bottom tray
12
Q

What happened at the Monterey Convention?

What decisions were made?

A

General Bennet Riley decided to call a convention in Monterey in decide the future for California.

there were 48 Delegates that quickly decided that

  1. California should become a State.
  2. which land area would become California. (Sierra Nevada & California River marked the Eastern Boundary; Oregon Territory marked the Northern Boundary)
  3. California became a ‘Free’ State (not a ‘Slave’ State - the right to own slaves)
  4. creation of State Public School System
13
Q

When did California officially become a state?

A

California became a state on September 9, 1850

14
Q

Did miners pay taxes? Why or Why not?

A

Miners did not pay taxes because they did not own land to pay property taxes

15
Q

What was the Land Act of 1851

What did it do to ranchos in California

A

A Law that said the Rancheros (ranch owners) had to prove that the land belonged to them.

Many ranchos were broken up, because rancheros had sell their land to pay their bills and lawyers to prove that they owned the land.

16
Q

Peter H. Burnett

A

first State Governor of California

17
Q

Mifflin Gibbs

A

entreprenuer that opened a shoe store in San Francisco.

He later helped start the Mirror of Times, first newspaper in California that was owned by an African American.

he used his money to buy freedome of enslaved African Americans from the South.

18
Q

Biddy Mason

A

a woman born into Slavery on a Georgia Plantation of Robert Smith. When Smith wanted to move to Texas (a slave state), Biddy Mason fought to stay in California. She won when the California Courts granted her freedom.

Mason bough land in Los Angeles and became rich by buying, selling and renting land. She help setup the 1st school for African American children in Los Angeles.

19
Q

Levi Strauss

A

an entrepreneur that developed blue jeans.

designed denim pants with metal rivets that were tough and long lasting.

20
Q

Bennett Riley

A

Military Governor in California that decided to call for a convention to decide a future of California.

21
Q

who were called forty-niners

A

many fortune seekers traveling to California to look for gold when they arrived in California in 1849

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