Grade 4 Theory Flashcards
Italian words unless specified otherwise.
1
Q
affettuoso
A
tenderly
2
Q
affrettando
A
hurrying
3
Q
amabile
A
aimable, pleasant
4
Q
appassionato
A
with passion
5
Q
calando
A
getting softer, dying away (and usually slowing down)
6
Q
cantando
A
singing
7
Q
come
A
as, similar to (come prima: as before; come sopra: as above)
8
Q
facile
A
easy
9
Q
fuoco
A
fire
10
Q
giusto
A
proper, exact (tempo giusto: in strict time)
11
Q
l’istesso
A
the same (l’istesso tempo: at the same speed)
12
Q
morendo
A
dying away
13
Q
niente
A
nothing
14
Q
nobilmente
A
nobly
15
Q
perdendosi
A
dying away
16
Q
possible
A
possible (presto possible: as fast as possible)
17
Q
quasi
A
as if, resembling
18
Q
sonoro
A
resonant, with rich tone
19
Q
sopra
A
above
20
Q
sotto
A
below (sotto voce: in an undertone)
21
Q
veloce
A
swift
22
Q
voce
A
voice
23
Q
à (French)
A
to, at
24
Q
animé (French)
A
animated, lively
25
assez (French)
enough, sufficiently
26
avec (French)
with
27
cedez (French)
yield, relax the speed
28
douce (French)
sweet
29
en dehors (French)
prominent (a direction to make a melody stand out)
30
et (French)
and
31
légèrement (French)
light
32
lent (French)
slow
33
mais (French)
but
34
moins (French)
less
35
modéré (French)
at a moderate speed
36
non (French)
not
37
peu (French)
little
38
plus (French)
more
39
presser (French)
hurry (en pressant: hurrying on)
40
ralentir (French)
slow down
41
retenu (French)
held back (en retenant: holding back, slowing a little)
42
sans (French)
without
43
très (French)
very
44
un, une (French)
one
45
vif (French)
lively
46
vite (French)
quick
47
con sordini (or con sord.)
with mutes (for strings and brass)
48
senza sordini (or senza sord.)
without mutes (for strings and brass)
49
arco
play with the bow (a direction after pizzicato for strings)
50
pizzicato
plucked (for strings)
51
sul G
play on the G string
52
sul ponticello
play on the bridge (for strings)
53
una corda
press the left pedal (for piano; literally "one string")
54
tre corde
release the left pedal (for piano)
55
mano
hand mano sinistra or m.s. = left hand mano destra or m.d. = right hand
56
Name the instruments in the STRINGS section of the orchestra
violin viola cello double bass
57
Name the instruments in the WOODWIND section of the orchestra
flute oboe clarinet bassoon
58
Name the instruments in the BRASS section of the orchestra
horn trumpet trombone tuba
59
Name the instruments in the PERCUSSION section of the orchestra
timpani (kettle drums) side drum bass drum cymbals (only the timpani produce notes of definite pitch)
60
Name the instruments of the orchestra which use the TREBLE CLEF
violin flute oboe clarinet horn (sometimes bass clef) trumpet
61
Name the instruments of the orchestra which use the ALTO CLEF
viola (sometimes treble clef)
62
Name the instruments of the orchestra which use the BASS CLEF
cello (sometimes treble or tenor clef) double bass bassoon trombone (sometimes tenor clef) tuba timpani
63
How many notes can stringed instruments play at a time?
two simultaneously, or even three or four
64
How many notes can wind instruments play at a time?
one note at a time
65
1st or 8th degree of a scale
Tonic
66
2nd degree of a scale
Supertonic
67
3rd degree of a scale
Mediant
68
4th degree of a scale
Subdominant
69
5th degree of a scale
Dominant
70
6th degree of a scale
Submediant
71
7th degree of a scale
Leading Note
