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Violin Theory > Grade 5 > Flashcards

Grade 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Varja Ragas w/ example

A

Raga w/ omitted swaras eg. Mohanam

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2
Q

Upanga Ragas w/ example

A

Ragas that are strictly derived from parent ragas eg. Vasantha

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3
Q

Bhashanga Ragas w/ example

A

Includes anniya swaras eg. Hamir Kalyani

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4
Q

Vakra Ragas w/ example

A

Irregular order eg. Anandabairavi

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5
Q

Nishathanthiya Raga w/ example

A

Raga w/ no sancharam beyond Matya Sthayi Nishadam eg. Nathanamakriya

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6
Q

Dhaivathanthiya Raga w/ example

A

Raga w/ no sancharam beyond Matya Sthayi Dhaivadam eg. Kuranji

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7
Q

Panchamathanthiya Raga w/ example

A

Raga w/ no sancharam beyond Matya Sthayi Panchamam eg. Navaroj

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8
Q

Gana Raga features: (3)

A
  • Elaborate alapana
  • Includes Gana Panchaga Ragas: Nattai, Gowla, Arabi, Varali, Sri
  • Vilamba, Madhyama, Duritha kalam
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9
Q

Another name for Naya Raga:

A

Rakthi Raga

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10
Q

Naya Raga features: (2)

A
  • Elaborate alapana
  • 3 Sthayis
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11
Q

Desiya Raga features: (2)

A
  • Sung w/ foreign ragas
  • Eg. Kaapi, Chenchuritti, Behag
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12
Q

Examples of Suddha Ragas:

A
  • Mayamalavagowlai
  • Sriranjani
  • Arabi
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13
Q

Chayalaka Raga features: (2)

A
  • Shades of foreign ragas
    1. Sowrashtram - shades of Sakaravakam
    1. Saranga - shades of Kalyani
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14
Q

Other names for Sangeerna Raga: (2)

A
  • Misra Raga
  • Sangrama Raga
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15
Q

Sangeerna Raga features: (2)

A
  • Sancharas of several ragas
    1. Dwijavanthi - shades of Sahaha, Ketharakowlam, Edukulakamboji
    2. Ahri - shades of Vakulaparanam, Natabairavi, Thodi
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16
Q

Mithra Raga w/ 2 pairs of examples

A

Suffixes are same eg. Mayamalavagowlai, Gowlai, Sriranjani, Sivaranjani

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17
Q

Varna features: (5)

A
  • Beauty & individuality of raga
  • Link between Abhyasa Gana & Sabha Gana
  • Brief sahityam
  • Devotion, love, greatness of musical patrons
  • Usually introductory piece
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18
Q

Anga variations of Varnams: (5)

A
  • Pallavi
  • Anupallavi
  • Mukthayi Swara
  • Charanam
  • Chittai Swara
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19
Q

Other names for Charanam: (3)

A
  • Upapallavi
  • Edukadai Pallavi
  • Chittai Pallavi
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20
Q

Other name for Chittai Swaras: (2)

A
  • Charna Swaras
  • Edukadai Swaras
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21
Q

Types of Varnams: (4)

A
  • Tana
  • Pada
  • Padajati
  • Ragamalika
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22
Q

Tana Varnam features: (2)

A
  • Sahitya for Pallavi, Anupallavi, Charanam
  • Different talas eg. Kanda Thirupuda, Chathustra Ada, Kanda Ada, Misra Jhampa
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23
Q

Pada varnam features: (3)

A
  • Usually for dance
  • Sung in Chowka kalam, Madhyama kalam
  • Swara for footwork, Sahitya for abhinaya
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24
Q

Other name for Pada varnam:

A

Chowka varnam

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25
Q

What are Padajati varnams?

A

The body of a varnam is a Jathi

26
Q

Ragamalika varnam w/ examples and the ragas in it

A

Each part is in different raga eg. Navaragamalika
1. Kedaram
2. Shankarabarnam
3. Kalyani
4. Begada
5. Kamboji
6. Yathukalakamboji
7. Bilahari
8. Mohanam
9. Sri

27
Q

Another name for Keerthanai:

A

Vaidika Ganam

28
Q

Keerthanai features: (7)

A
  • Praising God, beginning for forgiveness from God
  • Few sangathis
  • Same dhatu
  • Only sahityam
  • Pallavi, Anupallavi, Charnam
  • Sometimes there are multiple Charanam
  • Sometimes Charnam and Pallavi have same music
29
Q

Ragamalikai Keerthanas: (2)

A
  • Different ragas for each part
  • Sometimes no Anupallavi
30
Q

Swarajathi features: (4)

A
  • Pallavi, Anupallavi, multiple Charnams
  • Bhakti, love, courage
  • Abhyasa Ganam
  • Swara- Sahitya- jathi used for dance
31
Q

Shyama Sastri’s swarajathi ragas:

A
  • Bhairavi
  • Thodi
  • Yathukulakamboji
32
Q

Tana Varnam composers: (6)

A
  • Shyama Sastri
  • Pallavi Gopala Ayyar
  • Swati Tirunal
  • Tiger Varadachariar
  • Ponnaiah
33
Q

Pada varnam composers:

A
  • Ramaswami Dikshitar
  • Muthuswamy Dikshitar
  • Ramaswami Sivan
  • Kundrakudi Krishnayyar
  • Pallavi Shesayyar
34
Q

Keerthanai composers:

A
  • Arunchala Kaviyarar
  • Purandaradasar
  • Chinaiah
  • Thyagarajah Swamikal
  • Papanasam Sivan
35
Q

Swarajathi composers:

A
  • Shyama Sastri
  • Shobanadri
  • Swati Tirunal
  • Chinni Krishna Dasar
  • Ponnaiah
36
Q

When was Thyagaraja born?

A

04/05/1767

37
Q

Who was Thyagaraja’s father?

A

Vina Kalahasti Ayyar

38
Q

At what age had he composed his first song and what was the name?

A

At 13 he composed “Namo namo Ragavaya” in Desya Todi

39
Q

Who was Thyagaraja’s guru?

A

Venkataramanaya

40
Q

What was the first song he sang at the concert? (2)

A
  • “Janaki Ramana” Suddhasumandhini
  • “Dorukuna ituvanti” Bilahari
41
Q

What 3 things is Thyagaraja most widely known for?

A
  • Kritis (700 are available)
  • Operas
  • Pancharatna group
42
Q

What were the 3 operas composed by Thyagaraja?

A
  • Prahlada Bhakti Vijayam
  • Nowka Charitam
  • Seetharama Vijayam
43
Q

Thyagaraja was the first composer to do what…

A

He employed a set of sangathis in every kriti

44
Q

What are the Pancharatna Kritis? (2)

A
  • Deliberate scheme of melody rhythm and words
  • All 5 are in Adi Talam
45
Q

Later in his life what did he become and give one example of his disciple?

A

He sang devotional songs as a Bhagavatha and one of his disciples was Krishna Bhagavatar

46
Q

When did Thyagaraja die?

A

06/01/1847

47
Q

Who is Papanasam Sivan known as?

A

The greatest composer of 20th century

48
Q

In what year and city was he born?

A

Thanjavur in 1890

49
Q

In Trivandrum, what did Papanasam join, what did he gain there and when did this happen?

A

He joined the Maharaja’s Sanskrit College and gained his degree in Vyakarna in 1910

50
Q

How is it thought that Ramaiah (his actual name) got the name Papanasam Sivan?

A

During his wanderings, he often sang in Papanasam and wore vibhuti, which made him get this name

51
Q

Who was the greatest influence in Papanasam Sivan’s life?

A

Neelakanta Sivan

52
Q

Who did Papanasam ask to be taken in as a disciple and how many years did he assist this person?

A

He asked Vaidhanatha Aiyar and he assisted him for 7 years going to concerts

53
Q

When and where was Papanasam’s first concert?

A

During the Thyagaraja festival in Tiruvaiyaru in 1918

54
Q

When was the first volume of Papanasam’s kritis published?

A

1934

55
Q

When was Papanasam’s second volume published?

A

1965

56
Q

Compared to the normal number of 100, how many songs did the last volume have?

A

101 songs

57
Q

What kind of music is in the volumes written by Papanasam? (4)

A
  • Varnam
  • Padam
  • Kriti
  • Ragamalika
58
Q

What was one of the films Papanasam composed music for?

A

Sita Kalyanam

59
Q

Which 3 awards (titles) was Papanasam given and by who?

A
  • ‘Sangita Kalanidhi’ granted by the Madras Music Academy
  • ‘Isai Peraringer’ granted by Tamil Isai Sangam
  • President’s award in 1962
60
Q

When did Papanasam Sivan die?

A

01/10/1973

Violin Theory (1 decks)

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