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J Science > Grade 6-8 Vocab FCAT 2.0 > Flashcards

Grade 6-8 Vocab FCAT 2.0 Flashcards

1
Q

the rate at which velocity is changing. The change may involve an increase or decrease in speed and/or a change in direction. The change my be positive or negative

A

acceleration

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2
Q

any of two or more alternate forms of a gene that an organism may have for a particular trait

A

allele

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3
Q

the maximum absolute variation of any periodic function (e.g., a wave)

A

amplitude

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4
Q

a unit used to measure distances in the solar system equal to the average distance between the sun and earth, approximately 150 million kilometers and abbreviated AU

A

astronomical unit

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5
Q

an organism that can produce food from inorganic materials (carbon dioxide, sunlight ,water)

A

autotroph

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6
Q

an asexual reproductive process in which a single cell divides into two cells

A

binary fission

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7
Q

a system used to name organisms using two words: the genus name and the species name

A

binomial nomenclature

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8
Q

the temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas. The boiling point of water at sea level is 100 degrees c (212 degrees f)

A

boiling point

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9
Q

an asexual reproductive process in which an outgrowth of a parent organism detaches and forms a new individual of the same species

A

budding

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10
Q

characteristics of substances that describe their composition, reactivity, and how the substance changes into different substances

A

chemical properties

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11
Q

a factor or condition in a scientific experiment that is purposefully kept the same

A

controlled variable

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12
Q

the form of a trait that is expressed or shown when the combination of alleles for this trait is heterozygous

A

dominant

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13
Q

a celestial body similar to a planet but orbiting in a zone that has many other object in it (e.g., ceres, pluto)

A

dwarf planet

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14
Q

evidence based on observations or experiments rater than theory

A

empirical evidence

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15
Q

an organism whose cells contain a nucleus surrounded by a membrane

A

eukaryote

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16
Q

a cumulative change in the characteristics of organisms or populations over time from generation to generation

A

evolution

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17
Q

the first generation of offspring from the mating of parental organisms (p generation)

A

F1 generation

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18
Q

a crack in earth’s crust along which movement has occurred

A

fault

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19
Q

a bend in a layer or several layers of rock

A

fold

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20
Q

a type of mixture in which different parts can be easily distinguished

A

heterogeneous

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21
Q

an organism that cannot produce its own food

A

heterotroph

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22
Q

a cell or organism that has two different alleles for a particular trait

A

heterozygous

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23
Q

the tendency of a cell, organism, or population to maintain internal stability

A

homeostasis

24
Q

a type of mixture in which the different parts a blended evenly so that the mixture is the same throughout

A

homogeneous

25
Q

a type of cell or organism that has identical rather than different alleles for a particular trait

A

homozygous

26
Q

a statement that can be tested scientifically through experiments and/or the scientific investigations

A

hypothesis

27
Q

a process in which water soaks into the soil

A

infiltration

28
Q

the highest linnaean classification into which organisms are grouped; above phylum

A

kingdom

29
Q

a scientific principle based on many observations of naturally occurring events that demonstrate it to be without exception under certain stated conditions

A

law

30
Q

the distance a ray of light travels in a vacuum in one year

A

light year

31
Q

the temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid. The melting point of ice at sea level is 0 degrees C. (32 degrees F0

A

melting point

32
Q

a replica or description designed to show the workings or structure of an object or system

A

model

33
Q

the smallest unit of matter of a substance that retains all the physical and chemical properties of that substance; consists of a single atom or group of atoms bonded together

A

molecule

34
Q

a large cloudlike mass of gas and dust in space that may lead to the formation of a star

A

nebula

35
Q

the sum of all the forces acting on an object. when forces are balanced, the net force is zero and the object’s motion will remain the same. When forces are unbalanced, the net force is nonzero and the object’s motion will change

A

net force

36
Q

the unique position occupies by a particular species in terms of the area in inhabits and the function it performs with the community

A

niche

37
Q

the center region of an atom where protons and neutrons are located; also the cell structure that contains a cell’s genetic material

A

nucleus

38
Q

a term used to describe a material that absorbs and/or reflects light and does not allow light to pass through

A

opaque

39
Q

a factor, usually being measured or observed, that responds to, or depends on, another factor

A

outcome variable (dependent variable)

40
Q

the parentalj generation in a genetic cross

A

P generation

41
Q

the movement of water through rock or soil

A

percolation

42
Q

a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution based on a scale from zero to fourteen

A

pH

43
Q

the force exerted per unit area

A

pressure

44
Q

an organism whose cells are characterized by the lack of a defined nucleus

A

prokaryote

45
Q

the form or a trait that will be masked unless the organism in homozygous for this trait

A

recessive

46
Q

the growth of new tissues or organs to replace those lost or damaged by injury

A

regeneration

47
Q

making multiple sets of measurements or observation in a scientific investigation

A

repetition

48
Q

the reproduction of a scientific investigation by another person to ensure accuracy

A

replication

49
Q

a condition of a solution whereby it has reached a maximum amount of solute under the given conditions

A

saturation

50
Q

a substance that is being dissolved by another substance

A

solute

51
Q

a substance that dissolves another substance

A

solvent

52
Q

observations obtained by following a preplanned method of observations

A

systematic observations

53
Q

a measure of how hot or cold substance is; a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles of a substance

A

temperature

54
Q

an explanation for some naturally occurring event developed from extensive observations, experimentation, and reasoning

A

theory (scientific theory)

55
Q

a term used to describe a material that cannot be clearly seen through but that allows some light to pass through it

A

translucent

56
Q

a term used to describe a material that can be clearly seen through because it allows light waves to pass through in straight lines

A

transparent

J Science (2 decks)

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