Grading / Staging Flashcards
(37 cards)
1
Q
Metaplasia
A
- The reversible replacement of one differentiated cell type by another mature differentiated cell type
- Cervical metaplasia occurs physiologically with changes in hormone levels and pH levels
2
Q
Dysplasia
A
- Anomylous growth and differentiation of cells
- Expansion of immature cell with a decrease in the number and location of mature cell types
- Cervical dysplasia - CIN
- Seen as 4 microscopic changes:
- Anisocytosis - irregular cell sizes
- Poikilocytosis - irregular cell shapes
- Hyperchromatism - excessive pigmentation
- Mitotic figures - Unusually high number of dividing cells
3
Q
CIN 1
A
- Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1
- Mild dysplasia confined to the basal 1/3 of the epithelium
- Diagnosis on biopsy / pathology
4
Q
CIN 2
A
- Cervical itraepithelial neoplasia grade 2
- Moderate dysplasia confined to the basal 2/3 of the epithelium
- Diagnosis on biopsy / pathology
5
Q
CIN 3
A
- Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3
- Severe dysplasia involving more than 2/3 of the epithelium, and may be full thickness
- Diagnosis on biopsy / pathology
- Also referred to as Carcinoma in situ (CIS)
6
Q
Cervical CIS
A
- Cervical Carcinoma in situ
- Also known as CIN 3
- Sever dysplasia involving more than 2/3 of the epithelium and may be full thickness
- Diagnosis on biopsy / pathology
7
Q
ASC-US
A
- Atypical squamous cells of unknown significance
- Finding on pap smear
- Follow up with HPV DNA testing or repeat cytology
8
Q
ASC-H
A
- Abnormal squamous cells, cannot exclude high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion
- Finding on pap smear
- Follow up with colposcopy
9
Q
LSIL
A
- Low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion of the cervix
- Diagnosed on pap smear
- Generally correlates with CIN1
10
Q
HSIL
A
- High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion
- Diagnosed on pap smear
- Biopsy will be consistent with CIN 2 or CIN 3
11
Q
Stage I SCC of the Cervix
A
- FIGO staging system
- Can only be staged upon surgical resection
- Carcinoma strictly confined to the uterus. Extension to the corpus of the uterus may be disregarded
- Divided into Stages IA and IB
12
Q
Stage IA SCC of the Cervix
A
- FIGO staging system
- Can only be staged upon surgical resection
- Can only be detected microscopically (no macroscopic lesions)
- Invasion limited to the stroma
- Depth no > than 5.0mm
- length no > than 7.0mm
- Subdivided into stages IA1 and IA2
13
Q
Stage IA1 SCC of the Cervix
A
- FIGO staging system
- Can only be staged upon surgical resection
- Can only be detected microscopically (no macroscopic lesions)
- Invasion limited to the stroma
- Depth no > than 3.0mm
- length no > than 7.0mm
14
Q
Stage IA2 SCC of the Cervix
A
- FIGO staging system
- Can only be staged upon surgical resection
- Can only be detected microscopically (no macroscopic lesions)
- Invasion limited to the stroma
- Depth > than 3.0mm but no > than 5.0mm
- length no > than 7.0mm
15
Q
Stage IB SCC of the Cervix
A
- FIGO staging system
- Can only be staged upon surgical resection
- Clinically visible lesions limited to the cervix or preclinical cancers with dimensions exceeding stage IA.
- Subdivided into stages IB1 and IB2
16
Q
Stage IB1 SCC of the Cervix
A
- FIGO staging system
- Can only be staged upon surgical resection
- Clinically visible lesion confined to the cervix no greater than 4.0cm
17
Q
Stage IB2 SCC of the Cervix
A
- FIGO staging system
- Can only be staged upon surgical resection
- Clinically visible lesion confined to the cervix > 4.0cm
18
Q
Stage II SCC of the Cervix
A
- FIGO staging system
- Can only be staged upon surgical resection
- Cervical carcinoma invading beyond the uterus, but not to the pelvic wall or lower 1/3 of the vagina
- Divided into stages IIA and IIB
19
Q
Stage IIA SCC of the Cervix
A
- FIGO staging system
- Can only be staged upon surgical resection
- Cervical carcinoma invading beyond the uterus, but not to the pelvic wall or lower 1/3 of the vagina
- No obvious parametrial involvement
20
Q
Stage IIB SCC of the Cervix
A
- FIGO staging system
- Can only be staged upon surgical resection
- Cervical carcinoma invading beyond the uterus, but not to the pelvic wall or lower 1/3 of the vagina
- Obvious parametrial involvement
21
Q
Stage III SCC of the Cervix
A
- FIGO staging system
- Can only be staged upon surgical resection
- Extension to pelvic wall, lower 1/3 of vagina, or causing hydronephrosis / non-functioning kidney
- Divided into stages IIIA and IIIB
22
Q
Stage IIIA SCC of the Cervix
A
- FIGO staging system
- Can only be staged upon surgical resection
- Extension to lower 1/3 of vagina, no extension to pelvic wall
23
Q
Stage IIIB SCC of the Cervix
A
- FIGO staging system
- Can only be staged upon surgical resection
- Extension to pelvic wall, or causing hydronephrosis / non-functioning kidney
24
Q
Stage IV SCC of the Cervix
A
- FIGO staging system
- Can only be staged upon surgical resection
- Extension beyond true pelvis, or biopsy proven involvement of bladder or rectum mucosa
- Divided into stages IVA and IVB
25
**Stage IVB SCC of the Cervix**
* FIGO staging system
* Can only be staged upon surgical resection
* Extension beyond true pelvis, or biopsy proven involvement of bladder or rectum mucosa
* Spread to distant organs
26
**Stage IVA SCC of the Cervix**
* FIGO staging system
* Can only be staged upon surgical resection
* Extension beyond true pelvis, or biopsy proven involvement of bladder or rectum mucosa
* Spread to adjacent organs
27
**Stage I Endometrial Carcinoma**
* FIGO staging system
* Can only be staged upon surgical resection
* Carcinoma confined to the corpus uteri
* Divided into stages IA and IB
* Stage I should also be subgrouped with regard to histological grade (1-3)
28
**Stage IA Endometrial Carcinoma**
* FIGO staging system
* Can only be staged upon surgical resection
* Carcinoma confined to the corpus uteri
* Length of the uterine cavity is no longer than 8.0cm
* Stage I should also be subgrouped with regard to histological grade (1-3)
29
**Stage IB Endometrial Carcinoma**
* FIGO staging system
* Can only be staged upon surgical resection
* Carcinoma confined to the corpus uteri
* Length of the uterine cavity \> 8.0cm
* Stage I should also be subgrouped with regard to histological grade (1-3)
30
**Stage II Endometrial Carcinoma**
* FIGO staging system
* Can only be staged upon surgical resection
* Carcinoma involves corpus and cervix but does not extend beyond uterus
31
**Stage III Endometrial Carcinoma**
* FIGO staging system
* Can only be staged upon surgical resection
* Local and/or regional spread
* Divided into stages IIIA, IIIB, IIIC1, IIIC2
32
**Stage IIIA Endometrial Carcinoma**
* FIGO staging system
* Can only be staged upon surgical resection
* Tumor invades serosa and/or adnexa
33
**Stage IIIB Endometrial Carcinoma**
* FIGO staging system
* Can only be staged upon surgical resection
* Tumor spreads to vagina or next to the uterus
34
**Stage IIIC1 Endometrial Carcinoma**
* FIGO staging system
* Can only be staged upon surgical resection
* Metastases to pelvic lymph nodes
35
**Stage IIIC2 Endometrial Carcinoma**
* FIGO staging system
* Can only be staged upon surgical resection
* Metastases to para-aortic lymph nodes
36
**Stage IVA Endometrial Carcinoma**
* FIGO staging system
* Can only be staged upon surgical resection
* Distant metastasis including inguinal lymph nodes, intraperitoneal disease, lung, liver, or bone.
37
**Stage IVA Endometrial Carcinoma**
* FIGO staging system
* Can only be staged upon surgical resection
* Tumor invasion of bowel or bladder mucosa
