Gram Negative

Question 1

9 -be bacteria

Answer 1

Campylobacter jejuni, escherichia coli, haemophilus influenzae, neisseria meningitidis, salmonella, shigella, yersinia enterocolitica, helicobacter pylori, pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 2

Campylobacter jejuni shape/ID

Answer 2

Helical

Question 3

escherichia coli shape/ID

Answer 3

Bacillus

Question 4

haemophilus influenzae shape/ID

Answer 4

Coccobacillus

Question 5

neisseria meningitidis shape/ID

Answer 5

Diplococcus (intracellular in neutrophils and macrophages)

Question 6

salmonella shape/ID

Answer 6

Bacillus (intracellular)

Question 7

shigella shape/ID

Answer 7

Bacillus

Question 8

yersinia enterocolitica shape/ID

Answer 8

Bacillus

Question 9

helicobacter pylori shape/ID

Answer 9

Helical

Question 10

pseudomonas aeruginosa shape/ID

Answer 10

Bacillus

Question 11

Bacillus

Answer 11

Pseudomonas aeruginosa,helicobacter pylori, yersinia enterocolitica, shigella, salmonella (intracellular), escherichia coli

Question 12

Pseudomonas aeruginosa,helicobacter pylori, yersinia enterocolitica, shigella, salmonella (intracellular), escherichia coli

Answer 12

Bacillus

Question 13

Helical

Answer 13

Helicobacter pylori, campylobacter jejuni

Question 14

Helicobacter pylori, campylobacter jejuni

Answer 14

Helical

Question 15

Campylobacter Baxter virulence factors

Answer 15

Cytothelial distending toxin, S layer (prevents binding of complement)

Question 16

Campylobacter Baxter condition

Answer 16

Diarrhoea + severe abdo pain (IBS and reactive arthritis can follow. Rare: antibody cross reacting to cause guillain-barre)

Question 17

Campylobacter Baxter treatment

Answer 17

Don’t treat, norfloxacin if severe (fluoroquinolone)

Question 18

Escherichia coli virulence factors

Answer 18

variable virulence. Expression of toxin, adhesins and invasin factors, biofilm, flagella.
EPEC - (enteropathic) has short adhesins and shortens villi.
STEC - shiga toxin binds to GB3 halting protein synthesis and causing apoptosis (CNS, kidney effects)

Question 19

Escherichia coli commensal

Answer 19

Gut flora

Question 20

Escherichia coli condition

Answer 20

Neonate meningitis. Urinary tract infections. Diarrhoea/colitis (2* haemorrhagic colitis, thrombocytopenia purpura, haemolytic uremia syndrome)

Question 21

Escherichia coli treatment

Answer 21

treatment don’t treat because will influence more shiga toxin release

Question 22

Haemophilus influenzae virulence factors

Answer 22

capsular (not all), catalase, produces beta lactamases

Question 23

Haemophilus influenzae commensal

Answer 23

upper resp tract

Question 24

Haemophilus influenzae condition

Answer 24

Children meningitis, bronchopneumonia

Question 25

Haemophilus influenzae treatment

Answer 25

ceftriazone (cephalosporin)

Question 26

Neisseria meningitidis virulence factors

Answer 26

capsule, pilli, lipo-oligosaccharides, IgA protease

Question 27

Neisseria meningitidis commensal

Answer 27

10% people nasopharynx

Question 28

Neisseria meningitidis conditions

Answer 28

Meningitis and septicaemia

Question 29

Neisseria meningitidis treatment

Answer 29

penicillin (beta lactam), and ceftriaxona (cephalosporin)

Question 30

Salmonella virulence factors

Answer 30

flagella

Question 31

Salmonella conditions

Answer 31

Typhi and paratyphi fever with rose spots and septicaemia. Diarrhoea

Question 32

Salmonella treatments

Answer 32

ciprofloxacin (fluoroquinolone)

Question 33

Shigella virulence factors

Answer 33

shiga toxin, small infectious dose

Question 34

Shigella conditions

Answer 34

mild dysentery

Question 35

Shigella treatment

Answer 35

self-limiting (norfloxacin - fluoroquinolone)

Question 36

Yersinia enterocolitica conditions

Answer 36

enteritis

Question 37

Yersinia enterocolitica treatment

Answer 37

self-limiting (norfloxacin - fluoroquinolone)

Question 38

Helicobacter pylori virulence factors

Answer 38

lagella, adhesins, urease

Question 39

Helicobacter pylori commensal

Answer 39

GI

Question 40

Helicobacter pylori conditions

Answer 40

Peptic ulcers

Question 41

Helicobacter pylori treatment

Answer 41

omeprazole (proton pump inhibitor), clarithromycin and amoxicillin

Question 42

Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence factors

Answer 42

Biofilm, catalase oxidase, endotoxin A

Question 43

Pseudomonas aeruginosa commensal

Answer 43

Skin

Question 44

Pseudomonas aeruginosa conditions

Answer 44

cystic fibrosis colonisation (10+ years). Hospital acquired and ventilator associated pneumonia

Question 45

Pseudomonas aeruginosa initial treatment

Answer 45

oral cirpofloxacin and nebuliser antibiotic

Question 46

Pseudomonas aeruginosa more aggressive treatment

Answer 46

tobramycin and ticarcillin and clavaunulic acid