Gram Positive Bacteria Flashcards
(29 cards)
How is scalded skin syndrome treated?
With oral antibiotics
Name some of the infections caused by staphylococci
Food poisoning Endocarditis Bone infections Skin and soft tissue infections (eg. Scalded skin syndrome) Toxic shock syndrome
Name some of the infections caused by clostridium
Gas gangrene (C.perfringens) Digestive system infections (C.difficile)
Which patient group does scalded skin syndrome most commonly affect?
Infants and young children
What is the main symptom of scalded skin syndrome?
Shedding skin layers caused by toxin production
Describe the key symptoms of Toxic Shock syndrome
Fever
Hypotension
Rash
Desquamation of skin on soles of feet and palms of hands
Name some of the infections caused by streptococci
Pneumonia Meningitis Impetigo Cellulitis Necrotising Fascitis Sinusitis
What are the symptoms of pneumococcal meningitis?
Headache
Fever
Nausea/vomiting
Blotchy red rash
Children are floppy and unresponsive with pale blotchy skin
How is pneumonia treated?
Penicillin
Vancomycin if the bacteria is not sensitive to penicillin
What vaccines are used to prevent pneumonia?
Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in infants <2
Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in elderly
What infection does Group A Streptococci cause?
Strep throat
Can also cause bacterial pharyngitis
How is strep throat treated?
Oral antibiotics (amoxicillin)
Which patient group is at the highest risk of impetigo?
Children
What are the symptoms of impetigo?
Blisters that burst
Yellow discharge
How is impetigo treated?
Oral antibiotics (flucloxacillin)
What type of bacteria most commonly causes cellulitis?
Streptococci pyogenes
And S.aureus
How is cellulitis treated?
With flucloxacillin or penicillin
What are the symptoms of cellulitis?
Hot, red skin
What is necrotising fascitis?
An acute infection of the fascia layer of skin
It is a medical emergency
What are the predisposing factors for necrotising fascitis?
Trauma
Surgical wounds
Diabetes
IVDUs
How is necrotising fascitis treated?
With IV antibiotics and debridement
Which type of bacteria causes gas gangrene?
Clostridium perfringens
What are the two characteristics of all clostridium bacteria?
They are anaerobic
They produce spores
What are the symptoms of gas gangrene?
Foul-smelling discharge and pain
