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Gram Positive > Gram Positive Cocci > Flashcards

Gram Positive Cocci Flashcards

1
Q

Treatment (3): Enterococcus

A

1) Linezolid
2) Tigecycline
3) Daptomycin

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2
Q

What organism is most associated with subacute endocarditis?

A

Streptococcus Viridans Sanguis

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3
Q

How do you prevent Neonatal infection with Strep. Agalactiae?

A

Give mother penicillin

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4
Q

Characterize (4): Staph. aureus

A

Catalase positive
Coagulase positive
Beta hemolytic
Ferments Mannitol

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5
Q

Hemolysis: Strep. pyogenes

A

Beta hemolytic

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6
Q

Name 2 bile resistant bacteria

A

Enterococcus

Strep. Viridans

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7
Q

Name common infections caused by Staph. aureus

A
  1. Endocarditis
  2. Pneumonia
  3. Septic arthritis
  4. Osteomyelitis
  5. Abscesses
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8
Q

How can you differentiate GAS from GBS?

A 
GAS = Bacitracin sensitive 
GBS = Bacitracin resistant
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9
Q

Name 3 main infections caused by Enterococcus

A
  1. UTI’s
  2. Biliary tree infection
  3. Endocarditis
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10
Q

Exotoxins (3): STAPH. AUREUS

A
  1. Exfoliative toxin
  2. Enterotoxin
  3. Toxic shock syndrome toxin
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11
Q

Name 2 virulence factors of strep. Pneumoniae:

A
  1. Polysaccharide capsule

2. IgA protease

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12
Q

What is a positive CAMP test?

A

Widens the area of hemolysis of Staph. Aureus when paired with Strep. Agalactiae

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13
Q

What organism is most associated with dental caries?

A

Strep. Viridans mutans

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14
Q

Name 2 effects of Strep. pyogenes’ M protein

A
  1. Anti-phagocytic

2. Abs against mitral valve

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15
Q

Does S. agalactiae have a capsule?

A

Yes, it is a polysaccharide capsule

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16
Q

What notable growth medium can Enterococcus grow on?

A

6.5% NaCl

17
Q

MOA: Staph. Aureus’ protein A

A
  1. Binds to Fc region of Ig
18
Q

What s the difference in immunological response to Strep. Pneumoniae vaccine for children and adults?

A

Children produce IgG (given 13 valent vaccine conjugated to a protein)
Adults Produce IgM (given 23 valent polysaccharide vaccine)

19
Q

Name 3 different presentations infections with strep. Agalactiae

A
  1. Neonatal sepsis
  2. Neonatal meningitis
  3. Pneumonia
20
Q

Name 2 species of Enterococcus:

A
  1. Faecalis

2. Faecium

21
Q

What type of infections does Strep. Pyogenes cause?

A
  1. Cellulitis / erysipelas
  2. Pharyngitis
  3. Impetigo
22
Q

Name alfa-hemolytic organisms

A
  1. Strep. Viridans

2. Strep. Pneumoniae

23
Q

What organism has a positive hippurate test?

A

Strep. agalactiae

24
Q

Hemolysis of strep agalactiae

A

Beta Hemolysis

25
Q

What valve is most commonly damaged by S. Viridans

A

Mitral valve

26
Q

What population is particularly susceptible to strep. Pneumoniae infections?

A

Sickle cell disease

Due to functional Asplenia and inability to clear encapsulated organisms

27
Q

When is a mother checked for colonization by strep. Agalactiae?

A

35 weeks

28
Q

Describe the appearance of Strep. Pneumoniae under the microscope

A

Lancet shaped diplococci

29
Q

What test distinguishes strep. Agalactiae from all other strep species?

A

CAMP test

30
Q

Name 2 unique characteristics of strep Viridans

A
  1. Adheres to platelets

2. Produces dextrans

31
Q

What type of infections are most commonly due to Strep. Pneumoniae?

A 
MOPS
Meningitis 
Otitis media 
Pneumonia 
Sinusitis
32
Q

Treatment (2): Strep. Pneumonia

A

Macrolide

Ceftriaxone

33
Q

Describe the pneumonia caused by strep. Pneumoniae

A

Lobar

Produces rust colored sputum

34
Q

Name 3 ways to differentiate Strep. Pneumoniae from Strep. Viridans

A

Strep. Pneumoniae. Strep. Viridans

   Has Capsule                                                                  No capsule 
   Optochin sensitive                                                       Optochin resistant 
   Bile soluble                                                                    Bile insoluble

Gram Positive (5 decks)

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