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BACTERIOLOGY > GRAM POSITIVE COCCUS: PATHOGENECITY > Flashcards

GRAM POSITIVE COCCUS: PATHOGENECITY Flashcards

1
Q

EXTRACELLULAR ENZYMES

A

Coagulase
Lipase
Hyaluronidase (Spreading Factor)
Staphylokinase
Nuclease (DNAse)

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2
Q

97% of Staphylococcus aureus
isolated in human produce the
enzyme

A

Coagulase

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3
Q

enzyme that reacts with the blood
factor in the plasma to initiate clot
formation

A

Coagulase

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4
Q

Coagulase enhance the deposition of the______around the organism to protect them from phagocytosis

A

fibrin

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5
Q

lipid – hydrolyzing enzyme

A

Lipase

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6
Q

counteracts the action of fatty substances secreted by the body

A

Lipase

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7
Q

help in the colonization of organism – oily
skin surfaces

A

Lipase

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8
Q

found in the intracellular ground
substance of connective tissue

A

Hyaluronidase (Spreading Factor)

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9
Q

promote invasion of organism by
digesting the intracellular ground
substance “glue” that binds connective tissue in host
tissue

A

Hyaluronidase (Spreading Factor)

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10
Q

that binds connective tissue in host
tissue

A

hyaluronidase

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11
Q

causes dissolution of clot – spread
infection further

A

Staphylokinase

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12
Q

Production by most strain of
Staphylococcus

A

Staphylokinase

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13
Q

heat – resistant protein

A

Nuclease (DNAse)

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14
Q

degrade nucleic acid DNA

A

Nuclease (DNAse)

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15
Q

most specific test for Staphylococcus
aureus

A

Nuclease (DNAse)

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16
Q

found in cell surfaces of _____ of
Staphylococcus aureus

A

Nuclease (DNAse) 90% - 96%

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17
Q

lyse RBC by destroying their membrane:
producing tissue damage and abscess formation

A

Hemolysins/Cytolytic Toxins

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18
Q

Types: a, β, , , P-V

A

Hemolysins/Cytolytic Toxins

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19
Q

Chromosomal mediated

A

Hemolysins/Cytolytic Toxins

20
Q

A heterogenous protein that acts on a broad spectrum of eukaryotic cell
membranes.

A

alpha Hemolysin

21
Q

most powerful toxin that lyses RBC of various animals (platelets and macrophages= tissue damage)

A

alpha Hemolysin

22
Q

produce hemolysis in blood agar medium

A

alpha Hemolysin

23
Q

Predominant hemolysin produced by S. aureus

A

alpha Hemolysin

24
Q

Degrades sphingomyelin, and is
therefore toxic for many kinds of cells including human red blood cells

A

β Toxin

25
Q

Heat labile

A

β Toxin

26
Q

heterogenous and dissociates into subunits in non – ionic detergents.

A

delta hemolysis

27
Q

Disrupts biologic membranes and may
have a role in Staphylococcus aureus
diarrheal diseases.

A

delta hemolysis

27
Q

Disrupts biologic membranes and may
have a role in Staphylococcus aureus
diarrheal diseases.

A
28
Q

Active against macrophages,
lymphocytes, and neutrophil.

A

delta hemolysis

29
Q

A leukocidin that lyses white blood cells.

A

gamma toxin

30
Q

Composed of two proteins designated S
and F which may interact with the two proteins of Panton – Valentine
Leukocidin.

A

gamma toxin

31
Q

composed of two (2) protein components
that can kills white blood cells of humans
and incapacitate the phagocytic line of the
defense of the host.

A

Panton – Valentine Leukocidin

32
Q

cause pore formation in the cellular membrane necrosis and severe
inflammation

A

Panton – Valentine Leukocidin

33
Q

An important virulence factor in CA – MRSA infections.

A

Panton – Valentine Leukocidin

34
Q

Encoded on a mobile phage

A

Panton – Valentine Leukocidin

35
Q

Multiple Types: A, B, C, D, E, G – J, K – R, and U, V

A

Enterotoxins

36
Q

most frequently associated with Staphylococcus food poisoning

A

A & D

37
Q

associated with hospital acquired infection (nosocomial); ingestion of 25μg results in vomiting and diarrhea (pseudomembranous enterocolitis- milk product)

A

B

38
Q

Recently recognize toxin, associated with toxic shock syndrome

A

F

39
Q

2 Types:
1. Exfoliative Toxin A
2. Exfoliative Toxin B

A

Exfoliative Toxins

40
Q

Heat – stable; resist boiling for 20 minutes

A

Exfoliative Toxin A

41
Q

Plasmid mediated and heat labile

A

Exfoliative Toxin B

42
Q

These epidermolytic toxins of Staphylococcus aureus
yield the generalized desquamation of ________by dissolving the
mucopolysaccharide matrix of the epidermis.

A

staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome

43
Q

Exfoliative Toxins Responsible for :

A
  1. Exfoliative Dermatitis
  2. Bullous Impetigo – Toxin A
  3. Staphylococcal Scarlet Fever – Toxin B
44
Q

the same as enterotoxin F; prototypical SUPERANTIGEN

A

Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin -1(TSST – 1)

45
Q

binds to major histocompatibility class
(MHC) Class II molecules, yielding T – cell stimulation, which promotes the
manifestations of the______

A

TOXIC SHOCK SYNDROME

46
Q

associated with fever, shock, multisystem
involvement, including desquamative skin rash.

A

Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin -1(TSST – 1)

BACTERIOLOGY (5 decks)

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