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HESI > Grammar > Flashcards

Grammar Flashcards

1
Q

Vowels

A

A,E,I,O,U and sometimes Y

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2
Q

Consonants

A

The other twenty one letter in the alphabet. Weak letters that only make sounds when paired with vowels.

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3
Q

Suffix

A

Word part that is added to the ending of a root word that changes the meaning and spelling of a word.

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4
Q

Plurals

A

Similar to suffixes, added to the end of the word to signify more than one person, place, thing, or idea.

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5
Q

Homophone

A

A word that has the same sound as another word, but doesn’t have the same meaning or spelling (To, too, and two)

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6
Q

Homograph

A

A word that has the same spelling as another word but does not have the same sound or meaning.
Lead (to go in front of) and lead (the metal).

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7
Q

When are north east south and west capitalized?

A

They are only capitalized if they are related to a definite region (West Coast)

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8
Q

Historical Events

A

Should be capitalized when there needs to be a distinction between an event and the general. (The Great Depression vs we live in the twenty-first century)

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9
Q

Period

A

Marks the end of a declarative sentence

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10
Q

Comma

A

Signifies a small break within a sentence and separates words, clauses, or ideas.

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11
Q

Semicolons

A

Used to connect two independent clauses without a coordinating conjunction like and or but.

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12
Q

Colons

A

Introduces a list

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13
Q

Apostrophes

A

Used to indicate possession or to create a contraction.

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14
Q

Hyphen

A

Mainly used to create compound words

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15
Q

Quotation Marks

A

Used when directly using another person’s words in your own writing.

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16
Q

Noun

A

Names a person, place, thing, or idea

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17
Q

Subject

A

Part of the sentence that does something

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18
Q

Object

A

The thing that something is done to

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19
Q

Singular Noun

A

Noun is singular when there is only one (Book)

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20
Q

Plural Noun

A

Nouns are plural when there are two or more (Books)

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21
Q

Common Nouns

A

General words, they are written in lowercase

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22
Q

Proper Nouns

A

Specific names, they begin with an uppercase letter.

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23
Q

Concrete Nouns

A

People, Places, or Things that physically exist.

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24
Q

Abstract Nouns

A

Ideas, qualities, or feelings that we cannot see and that might be harder to discribe.

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25
Q

Pronouns

A

Takes the place of a noun or refers to a specific noun.

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26
Q

Subject Pronouns

A

I, You, He, She, It, We, They

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27
Q

Object Pronouns

A

Me, You, Him, Her, It, Us, Them

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28
Q

Possessive Pronouns

A

My, Mine, Your, Yours, His, Her, Hers, Its, Ours, Their, Theirs

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29
Q

Relative Pronouns

A

Connect a clause to a noun or pronoun

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30
Q

Antecedent

A

A pronoun in a sentence refers to a specific noun

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31
Q

Antecedent Agreement

A

A pronoun must agree in gender and number with the antecedent it refers to.

32
Q

Adjective

A

Describes, modifies, or tells us more about a noun or pronoun.

33
Q

Articles

A

A unique part of speech, but they work like adjectives.

34
Q

Indefinite Articles

A

A and An
Use A before a general noun and AN before a general noun that starts with a vowel

35
Q

Definite Article

A

The
Use THE before a singular or plural specific noun

36
Q

Adverb

A

Describes, modifies, or tells us more about a verb, an adjective, or another adverb.

37
Q

Conjunction

A

A connector word; it connects words, phrases, or clauses in a sentence.

38
Q

Preposition

A

A relationship word; it shows the relationship between two nearby words.

39
Q

Coordinating Conjunctions

A

Connect two words, phrases, or independent clauses.
They are: AND, OR, BUT, SO, FOR, NOR, YET.

40
Q

Subordinating Conjunctions

A

Connect a main (independent) clause and a dependent clause. May show a relationship or time order for the two clauses.
Some examples: AFTER, AS SOON AS, ONCE, IF, EVEN THOUGH, UNLESS.

41
Q

Correlative Conjunctions

A

Pairs of conjunctions that work together to connect two words or phrases. Some examples: EITHER/OR, NEITHER/NOR, AS/AS.

42
Q

Preposition

A

Shows the relationship between two nearby words. Prepositions help to tell information such as direction, location, and time.
Example: TO, FOR, WITH.

43
Q

Object of the Preposition

A

It can be a noun or something that serves as a noun, such as a pronoun or gerund.

44
Q

Gerund

A

The -ing form of a verb that serves as a noun (ex. Hiking in “I wear these shoes for hiking”)

45
Q

Prepositional Phrase

A

Preposition plus the object that follows it

46
Q

Verb

A

A word that describes a physical or mental action or state of being.

47
Q

Base Form

A

Used for simple present tense

48
Q

Past Form

A

Used for simple past tense

49
Q

Participle Form

A

Used for more complicated time situations

50
Q

Regular Verb

A

To make the past or participle form of a regular verb, just add -ed

51
Q

Irregular Verb

A

More complicated
Examples:
Eat Ate Eaten
Take Took Taken
Come Came Come

52
Q

Subject

A

Tells us who or what

53
Q

Verb

A

Tells us the action or state

54
Q

Helping Verb

A

A supporting verb that accompanies a main verb

55
Q

Progressive Tense

A

Used for an action that is or was ongoing

56
Q

Perfect Tense

A

Used to cover two time periods

57
Q

Predicate

A

Thought of as a verb phrase

58
Q

Simple Sentence

A

A sentence can be very simple, with one or two words as the subject and one or two words as the predicate

59
Q

Subject and Verb Agreement

A

Subject and verb must agree in number and person

60
Q

Third Person Singular

A

The subject takes a different verb form.

61
Q

Run-On

A

When two or more independent clauses are combined without proper punctuation.

62
Q

Fragment

A

A group of words that looks like a sentence.

63
Q

FANBOYS

A

For
And
Nor
But
Or
Yet
So

64
Q

Complex Sentence

A

Sentence that is made up of an independent clause and one or more dependent clauses connected to it.

65
Q

Dependent Clause

A

The part of a sentence that cannot stand by itself.

66
Q

Parallel Structure

A

Repetition of a grammatical form within a sentence to make the sentence sound more harmonious.

67
Q

Independent Clause

A

Simple Sentence; It has a subject, a verb, and expresses a complete thought.

68
Q

Dependent Clause

A

Not a complete sentence. It has a subject and verb but does not express a complete thought.

69
Q

Coordinate Clause

A

Sentence or phrase that combines clauses of equal grammatical rank by using a coordinating conjunction.
CANNONT CONNECT A DEPENDENT OR SUBORDIANTE CLAUSE AND AN INDEPENDENT CLAUSE.

70
Q

Modifier

A

A word, phrase, or clause that adds detail or changed another word in the sentence.

71
Q

Misplaced Modifier

A

A modifier that is placed incorrectly in a sentence, so that it modifies the wrong word.

72
Q

Dangling Modifier

A

A modifier that modifies a word that should be included in the sentence but is not.

73
Q

Object

A

In grammar, the object is something that is acted on. The subject does the action and the object receives it.

74
Q

Direct Object

A

Receives the action of the verb

75
Q

Indirect Object

A

Indirectly receives the action of the verb

HESI (3 decks)

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