Grammar Flashcards
Syntactical advances allow children to… (2)
1) Order words into phrases and clauses
2) Make different types of utterances for different functions (besides declaratives)
Morphological advances allow children to… (2)
1) Add inflections that create tense, mark distinctions between adjectives (superlatives) and make plurals - inflectional morphology
2) Experiment with affixation to make up or convert words from one class to another - derivational morphology
What is elision?
Term for omission of one or more sounds
What is expansion?
The MKO develops the chil’ds utterance to make it more syntactically complex
What are the 8 types of pronouns? ⬇️📱
1) Demonstrative
2) Relative
3) Object
4) Possessive
5) Subject
6) Indefinite
7) Reflexive
8) Interrogative
What is recasting?
The MKO reformulates a child’s incomplete or incorrect utterance
What do you call a sentence spoken language?
An utterance
What is a demonstrative pronoun?
a pronoun for specific things
e.g. this, that, those
What is a subject vs an object pronoun
Subject pronoun - used for the subject of the sentence
Object pronoun - receive the action in a sentence (by the subject)
What is a relative pronoun?
Introduce relative clauses
e.g. who, whose, which, that
What is a relative clause and what are the two types?
A clause that gives additional information on the sentence subject
1) Restrictive relative clause - Sentence doesn’t make sense without the relative clause
2) Non-restrictive relative clause - Sentence makes sense without relative clause
What is a possessive pronoun?
show ownership or possession
*e.g. yours, theirs, ours, hers
What is a indefinite pronoun?
Describes Non-specific things/people
e.g.g someone, noone, everything
What is a reflexive pronoun?
any ‘-self’ pronoun
e.g. himself, herself, myself
What is an interrogative pronoun?
Pronouns used to form interrogatives
e.g. who, what, when, where, why, which
What is an expanded way of describing an inflection?
An inflectional suffix
Free morphemes vs Bound morphemes
Free morphemes
- Can work as stand as word, but are only lexemes of the smallest unit of meaning
- e.g. play, run (rather than playing, running)
Bound morphemes
- Can **not* stand as word and are of the smallest unit of meaning
- All affixes
- e.g. ‘un’, ‘ed’, ‘ing’
Anaphoric reference vs Cataphoric reference
