grammar Flashcards by Stella Bracken

Q

past affirmative verbs

A

て→た
で→だ

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Q

past affirmative i adj

A

かったです→かった

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Q

past affirmative na adj and nouns + desu

A

でした→だた

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Q

past neg verbs

A

ない→なかった

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Q

past neg i adj

A

くない→くなかった

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Q

past neg na adj and nouns+ desu

A

じゃない→じゃなかった

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Q

past tense (i think/quoted action)

A

〜とおもいます

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Q

past tense (quoted speech)

A

〜といっていました

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Q

qualifying nouns w verbs and adj

A

adj/verb + noun + desu

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Q

past affirmative for short verb

A

〜ました

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Q

past neg for “have already…”

A

〜ませんでした

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Q

past neg for “have not … yet”

A

〜ていません

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Q

explanation から, situation

A

short form, long form.

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