GRAMMAR

Question 1

은/는

Answer 1

-TOPIC particle (topic what we’re talking about)
-Combines NOUN with TOPIC sentence
-Very specific
-은(C) 는(V)
-쇼핑하는 카노사입니다

Question 2

-이에요/예요

Answer 2

-combine with a NOUN
-informal speech of 입니다
-이에요(C) 예요(V)

Question 3

이/가 아니에요

Answer 3

• negative form of 이에요
• SUBJECT PARTICLE
  -이 (C) 가 (V)
  이름이 뭐예요?

Question 4

이/가 있어요,없어요

Answer 4

• to exist,does not exist

Question 5

에

Answer 5

3 Ways to Use:
~ TIME PARTICLE ~
- combines with a NOUN
- WHEN did it happen
- DOES NOT used to 언제,오늘,내일,어제,지금
월요일에 일해요

~ LOCATION PARTICLE ~
- ending in 있다,없다
- WHERE
침대는 방에 있어요

~ DESTINATION PARTICLE ~
- ending in 가다,오다,다니다
“From” “in” “at”

Question 6

-을/를

Answer 6

• OBJECT PARTICLE
• combines with a NOUN (usually followed by a VERB)
  민민 씨는 오늘 영화를 봐요

Question 7

V/A-아요/어요

Answer 7

• informal polite ending
• PRESENT TENSE
  ㅏ,ㅗ - 아요
  others - 어요
  하다 - 해요
  ~ 칼로 씨는 봐요

Question 8

N 무슨

Answer 8

• used BEFORE a NOUN
• ask about something related to that noun that is unknown.
  ~ 오늘이 무슨 요일이에요?

Question 9

언제,몇 월,며칠

Answer 9

• used to ask about time of the date
  ~ 오늘이 몇 월 며칠이에요?
  10월 5일이에요

Question 10

V/A-았/었

Answer 10

• informal polite ending
• to show that something HAS ALREADY HAPPENED
• PAST TENSE
  ㅏ,ㅗ - 았
  other - 었
  하다 - 했
  ~ 작년에 한국어 왔어요

Question 11

V/A-(스)ㅂ니다 , -(스)ㅂ니까?

Answer 11

• formal ; 니까? Polite question
  ~ 아미나 씨는 12시에 점심을 먹었습니다

Question 12

V/A 안

Answer 12

(not,no)
- negate the action or state
- to show the subject does not want to do something
- when negating verbs that combine a noun and 하다, 안 is place between the noun and 하다
~ 오늘은 일 안 해요 ; 나는 운동 안 해요
- instead of 안, -지 않다 can be attached after verbs and adjectives to show negation
~ 비가 오지 않아요

Question 13

V/A-(으)시

Answer 13

• to honor the subject/honorific verb suffix
  -으시 (C) -시 (V)

Question 14

V/A-고
N이다

Answer 14

(and)
- to list two or more states actions or facts
- also used to connect two or more actions in chronological order
~ 가림 씨는 운동을 하고 샤워했어요
- N이다 > sentence connector
이고 (C) 고 (V)
~ 저는 음식을 만들고 민민 씨는 설거지를 해요

Question 15

N주세요

Answer 15

(please)
- express request or command attached to things
~ 뭘 주세요

Question 16

N하고

Answer 16

(and,with)
-하고 (speaking)
-와,과 (written)
- combines with nouns to link to other noun
~ 우유하고 방을 싸요

Question 17

V/A-네요

Answer 17

(“oh!”)
- express lightly surprise or admiration about something newly learned, seen or felt
~ 수박이 정말 크네요

Question 18

V-아/어 주세요

Answer 18

• to request or lightly comand someone to do that action
  ㅏ,ㅗ -아 조세요
  others - 어 주세요
  하다 - 해 주세요
  ~ 우리 집에 와 주세요

Question 19

V/A-아야/어야 뒤다

Answer 19

(must do…,have to do…,should do…)
- to show that the subject of the sentence MUST DO SOMETHING or it is necessary that something must be done in a certain way
ㅏ,ㅗ -아야 되나
Others -어야 되다
하다 -해야 되다
~ 회사에 가야 돼요

Question 20

N(으)로

Answer 20

(towards~,to~)
- to show means or method of an action, direction or destination of an action
-으로 (C) -로 (V)
~ 오른쪽으로 가세요

Question 21

V/A-아서/어서

Answer 21

(because)
- to show the reason or cause for an action
ㅏ,ㅗ - 아서
Others- 어서
하다 -해서

Question 22

V-(으)ㄹ 거예요

Answer 22

(will)
- to show FUTURE PLANS or intentions
- FUTURE TENSE
-올 거예요 (C) -ㄹ 거예요 (V)
~ 밥을 먹을 거예요

Question 23

V못

Answer 23

• negative
• subject is UNABLE TO DO SOMETHING due to lack of ability or reason
  ~ 비가 와서 운동을 못 해요

Question 24

V-(으) 세요

Answer 24

(giving command)
- command or request to the listener to perform a certain action
~ 빨리 오세요

Question 25

V-그 있다

Answer 25

(-ing in English) - the result of the action has continued in that state until the present - use with verbs that express putting on or taking off something < 입다, 신다, 쓰다, 끼다, 벗다 > ~ 안경을 쓰가 있어요

Question 26

A-(으)ㄴ

Answer 26

(noun modifier) - describe the current state of the noun that follows ~ 예쁜 바지를 샀어요

Question 27

V-고 싶다

Answer 27

(want to) - to show wish or desire to do something of the speaker ~ 주말에 집에서 쉬고 싶어요

Question 28

V/A-지만

Answer 28

(BUT) - connect two clauses; should be opposite idea (could be a negative idea and a positive idea or vice versa) ~ 우리 짐은 월세가 비싸지만 전많이 좋아요

Question 29

V/A-(으)ㄹ 때

Answer 29

(WHEN) - duration of time -을 때 (C) -ㄹ 때 (V) ~ 제주도에 갈 때 비행기를 타요~

Question 30

V-(으)려고 하다

Answer 30

(PLAN TO) - indicate an intention to do an action ~ 저녁에 물고기를 만들려고 해요 ~

Question 31

V-(으)ㄹ 까요?

Answer 31

(SHALL) - to suggest something or act for someone's opinion; speaker wants to make suggestion to the listener ~ 내일 같이 점심 먹을까요? ~

Question 32

V -아/어 보다

Answer 32

(TRY TO~) - indicate trying something - commonly used in the form -아/어 보세요 when recommending something to others ㅏ,ㅗ - 아보다 Others - 어보다 하다 - 해보다 ~ 된장찌개가 조금 맵지만 맛있어요. 외장 기계를 만들어 보세요. ~

Question 33

V/A-아서/어서

Answer 33

(BECAUSE) - indicates the reason or cause for an action - use when there is a close relationship between the actions in the preceding and the following clauses. ㅏ,ㅗ - -아서 Others - -어서 하다 - 해서 ~ 집에 왔어 쉬었어요 ~

Question 34

V-는 것

Answer 34

(NOUN MODIFYING VERB) - act of doing something - -는 것 can be shortened to -는게 -는 것을 to -는 걸 -는 것이에요 to -는 거예요 ~ 저는 친구하고 여행하는 게 좋아요