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LN101-Russian > Grammar > Flashcards

Grammar Flashcards

0
Q

What are the genitive singular endings for masculine nouns?

A

Continent ending add ‘а’

Replace й with я

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1
Q

When do you use the genitive case? (7)

A
  1. Whenever of would be used in English
  2. To indicate possession of an item
  3. After the prepositions
  4. After the numerals 2,3,4
  5. After много или мало
  6. The direct object of a negative verb
  7. After the word нет
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2
Q

What are the genitive singular endings for feminine nouns?

A

Replace a with ы
Replace я with и
Replace ь with и

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3
Q

What are the genitive singular endings for neuter nouns?

A

Replace о with a

Replace е with a

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4
Q

What are the prepositions for the genitive case? (7)

A
  1. После - after
  2. Без - without
  3. До - until
  4. Напротив - opposite
  5. Около - around/near
  6. От - from
  7. Из - from
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5
Q

What are the genitive plural endings for masculine nouns?

A

Ж, ч, ш, щ, ь add ей
Й, ц add ев
All other masc add ов

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6
Q

What are the genitive plural endings for feminine nouns?

A

If ends in a then drop a
Replace я with ь
Replace ь with ей
Replace ия with ий

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7
Q

What are the genitive plural endings for neuter nouns?

A

If ends in o drop o
e becomes ей
Ие becomes ий

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8
Q

What are the personal pronouns for the genitive case?

A 
Меня - me
Тебя - you 
Его/её - he/she
Нас - us
Вас - you
Их - them
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9
Q

Adjective endings for the genitive case

A

Ого - masc
Ой - fem
Ого - neuter
Ых - plural

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10
Q

What are the uses of the prepositional case?

A

After the prepositions and when not describing motion but a place
О - about
На - in
В - at/on

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11
Q

What are the prepositional singular endings for masculine nouns?

A

Add e

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12
Q

What are the prepositional singular endings for feminine nouns?

A

Replace a, я, ь with е

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13
Q

What are the prepositional singular endings for neuter nouns?

A

Replace о with e

е Remains unchanged.

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14
Q

What are the prepositional plural endings for nouns?

A

Replace о,а with ах

Replace all other endings with ях

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15
Q

Prepositional personal pronouns

A 
Мне - me 
Тебе -  you
Нём/нем/нём - he/she/it
Нас - we/us
Вас - you
Них - they/them
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16
Q

Adjective endings for the prepositional case

A

Ом - masculine + neuter
Ой - feminine
Ых - plural

17
Q

What are the uses of the accusative case?

A
  • direct object of the verb goes into the accusative case

- also goes with prepositions from prepositional case when talking in the context if motion.

18
Q

What are the accusative singular endings for masculine nouns?

A

Inanimate no change
Animate consonant ending add a
Animate й or ь replace with я

19
Q

What are the accusative singular endings for feminine nouns?

A

Replace a with y
Replace я with ю
Ь doesn’t change

20
Q

What are the accusative singular endings for neuter nouns?

A

Neuter nouns do not change.

21
Q

What are the accusative plural endings for nouns?

A

Inanimate - same as nominative plural

Animate - same as the genitive plural

22
Q

What are the accusative personal pronouns?

A 
Меня - me
Тебя - you
Его - he
Её - she
Нас - us
Вас- you 
Их - them
23
Q

What are the accusative endings?

A 
Ый - masc (inanimate)
Ого - masc (animate)
Ую - fem
Ое - neuter
Ые - plural
24
Q

When do you use the instrumental case? (5)

A
  • After certain reflexive verbs
  • as the compliment of the verb быть in all cases.
  • after certain prepositions
  • expressions like in the summer or morning ‘летом’ or ‘утром’
  • when you say my son and I мы с сыном
25
Q

After what reflexive verbs is the instrumental case used?

A

Заниматься - to be engaged, study
Интересоваться - to be interested in
Увлекаться - to be fond of
Становиться - to become

26
Q

What are the prepositions for the instrumental case?

A

Перед - in front of / before
Пол - underneath
С - with

27
Q

What are the instrumental singular endings for masculine nouns?

A
  • Consonants add Ом
  • Ж, ц, ч, ш, щ add ем
  • Й, ь add ём
28
Q

What are the instrumental singular endings for feminine nouns?

A

Replace a with ой
Ж, ц, ч, ш, щ, я add ей
Ь add ью

29
Q

What are the instrumental singular endings for neuter nouns?

A

Add M

30
Q

What are the instrumental plural endings for nouns?

A
  • All consonants add ами
  • replace a, o with Ами
  • otherwise replace with ями
31
Q

Instrumental personal pronouns

A 
Мной  - me 
Тобой - you 
Им/ ей/ им -him/she/ it
Нами - us
Вами - you 
Ими - them
32
Q

Instrumental adjective endings

A

Ым - masc
Ой - fem
Ым - neuter
Ыми -plural

33
Q

When do you use the dative case?

A
  • After the verbs помогать - to help and советовать - to advise
  • before ‘нравится’
  • when using the verb нужен - to need tube subject is in the accusative.
  • to express age
  • with prepositions по - along or к -to/towards
34
Q

What are the dative singular endings for masculine nouns?

A
  • Consonant ending add ‘у’

- replace й and ь with ю

35
Q

What are the dative singular endings for feminine nouns?

A

Replace a, я with e
Replace ь with и
Replace ия with Ии

36
Q

What are the dative singular endings for neuter nouns?

A

Replace o with у

Replace e with ю

37
Q

What are the dative plural endings for nouns?

A

If noun end in consonant add aм
Replace a or o with aм
Replace any others with ям

38
Q

Personal dative pronouns

A 
Мне - me
Тебе - you
Ему/ей/Ему-he/she/neuter
Нам- us
Вам- you
им - them
39
Q

How do you say who in dative and to whom?

A

Кмо - who
К кмо - to whom
К нему - to him

40
Q

Dative form of adjectives

A

Ому- masc
Ой - fem
Ому - neuter
Ым - plural

LN101-Russian (13 decks)

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