grammar book Flashcards
1
Q
action
A
la acción
2
Q
spell - the action
A
la acción
3
Q
the tree - where is the accent ?
A
el árbol
4
Q
on bus - where Is the accent
A
the autobús
5
Q
on airplane - spelling- Where is the accent
A
el avión
6
Q
action - is it el or la
Acción
Remember the rule
-ion
A
la acción
7
Q
is tree , male or female
Arbol
A
el árbol
8
Q
bus
A
el autobús
9
Q
is airplane el or la
A
el avión
10
Q
heat
A
el calor
11
Q
is heat el or la
Calor
A
el calor
12
Q
is water male or female ?
even though it ends in an a !
A
el agua
13
Q
class
A
la clase
14
Q
the class - is it male or female
not usual!
A
la clase
usually words ending in LONERS are masculine but not this one
15
Q
is color male or female?
A
el color
16
Q
where is the accent on confusion?
A
confusión
17
Q
is confusión male or female
Remember the ion rule
A
la confusión
words ending in ion are usually la
18
Q
the day
A
el día
19
Q
where is the accent on - the day
A
el día
20
Q
is the day - male or female
Dia
Exception
A
el día
exception !
21
Q
the station
A
la estación
station or season
Words ending in ion are feminine
22
Q
is the station male or female ?
Estación
Remember the rule
A
la estación
Words ending and I ON or feminine
23
Q
the station
where is the accent ?
A
la estación
24
Q
garage
A
el garaje
25
hunger
el hambre
26
man
el hombre
27
hotel
el hotel
28
english
el ingles
29
pencil
el lápiz
30
is pencil m or f?
el lápiz
exception!
31
lesson
Lección
Remember the - ion rule
la lección
32
is lecture m or f?
la lección
ion - endings are la
33
light
la luz
34
is light m or f ?
la luz
35
the hand
la mano
exception
36
is hand m or f?
even though it ends in a
la mano
exception!
37
the morning
is there a tilde?
la mañana
38
the sea
el mar
39
is sea m or f?
el mar
unless speaking romantically about the sea
40
the nose
la nariz
41
the name
el nombre
42
the paper
el papel
43
is paper m or f?
el papel
44
the umbrella
el paraguas
45
is umbrella m or f?
el paraguas
46
the wall
la pared
47
is wall m or f?
Remember words ending in d, z, or ion , or a are female
la pared
48
pen
la pluma
49
the polica
la police
50
the percentage
el porcentaje
51
the percentage
el porcentaje
52
how do you spell the percentage?
does the e change to an o ?
does the g change to a j?
el porcentaje
53
is percentage m or f?
el porcentaje
54
the problem
el problema
masculine because ending in “ma”
55
is the problem m or f?
el problema
ends in “ma”
56
the taste , the flavor
el sabor
57
the sun
el sol
58
is the sun m or f?
el sol
59
the south
el sur
60
the afternoon
la tarde
61
is afternoon m or f
la tarde
exception to rule !
62
is hotel m or f
el hotel
L-O-N -E —R-S are almost always masculine
63
the time
la vez
words ending in D-Z-ión- A are 98% chance of being female
64
if a word ends in _________ they are 97% likely to be masculine
L-O-N-E-R—S
el
65
if a word ends in D—Z-ión - A
| it is most likely _____
female
la
66
exceptions to the male female are words ending in _ _
they are male not female
words ending in : ma
are maculine note feminimine
67
de + el becomes
del
| of the
68
a+ el become
al
to the
Voy al patio
i am going to the yard
69
where is the accent on you?
tú
70
where is the accent on he?
él
71
if the direct object is a person rather than an object the preposition _ precedes it
a
examples
veo la casa. i see the house
veo a la nina . i see the girl
72
indefinite articles - Gender of nouns
there are two of them . what are they ?
in english indefinite articles are
a and an
un and una
73
Definite articles
in English there is only one definite article- the.
in Spanish there are four definite articles
el / los
| la / las
74
subject pronouns
```
in english they are:
I
you
he/she
they
what are the subject pronouns in spanish ?
```
the subject pronouns in spanish are :
```
yo
tu
el / ella
usted
nostros
nostras
ellos / ellas
ustedes
```
75
i am here
_____ aquí
el lapíz ______ aquí.
to show location
( but not where origination)
estoy
está
Use ESTAR ( not ser)
76
estar
1.
used to show location of animal person or thing
2.
to show a characteristic that changes
such as emotion or how we feel , a temporay condition.
If it was a surprise , ( not planned or expected ) use estar .
i am
you are
he is
we are
they are
estoy
estás
está
estamos
están
77
ser
to identify a person animal concept, a thing , a noun
CID = Identity, define
If it it is planned ( not a surprise)
juan es maestro
and a characterstic that stays - permanent , doesnt change .
ORIGIN
MATERIAL
POSSESSION
la nieve es blanco
snow is white
soy. i am
eres. you are
es. he/ it is
somos. we are
son. they are
——————————
origin. - Nationalidad
professions or occupations
material - what something is made out of ( permanent)
possession - the house belongs to my friend
La casa es de me amigo.
to describe shape or size
the day the hour , or the date
78
dulce
sweet
79
además
besides
| In addition to
80
desde que
ever since
desde que el nació de mí hijo.
ever since the birth of my son
81
seco
dry
82
la viajero
the travelor
83
drinking glass
vaso
84
ir +a
indicates an action in the future
they are going to study tomorrow
ellos van a estudiar mañana
85
ir
present indicative
yo. i go
tu. you go
el. he goes
nostros we go
ellos. they go
```
voy
vas
va
vamos
van
```
86
dar
```
i give. (exception)
you give
he gives
we give
they give
```
```
doy
das
da
damos
dan
```
87
ver
```
i see - what is “I see “?
ves
ve
vemos
ven
```
veo
88
saber
i know ?
sé
89
he knows
sabe
90
to know
saber
91
we know
sabemos
92
they know
saben
93
to say
decir
94
i say
From decir
But irregular. In the yo form
digo
95
you say (tú)
dices
96
he says
dice
97
we say
It is a regular ir verb
decimos
98
decir
changes e to i in which forms ?
```
yo?
tu?
el?
nostros
ellos?
```
digo
dices
dice
dicen
in nostros it is decimos!
99
i say - decir
changes
e to i
and changes c to g
digo
100
words that end on ger. or gir
the yo form of the present
changes the g into a :
such as escoger - for: i choose
what is the yo form :
- j -
such as
escoger to choose - i choose is escojo
101
for verbs ending in guir
the present tense yo form
changes to. : go
such as extinguir
what is the yo form
extingo
102
verbs ending in ger like recoger meaning to pick up
in the present tense. the yo form changes
g to j
so what is the i pick up
recojo
103
to fit
caber
104
caber
to fit
105
caber is VERY irregular in yo in present tense
the rest is like a normal er verb
what is : i fit ?
quepo
106
caer
to fall
107
to fall
caer
108
caer is irregular in present tense yo form
what is i fall?
caigo
109
¿
| adónde?
where to?
110
¿cuántos?
how many?
111
¿de quien?
whose?
112
what for?
¿para que?
113
spell 21
notice in the twentys they are all one word
veinteuno
114
spell 31
treinta y uno
115
spell forty
cuarenta
116
spell 51
cincuenta y uno
117
spell sixty one
sesenta y uno
notice they took out the eye!
118
spell 71
setenta y uno
they took out the i again
119
spell 100
cien , when adding ciento
120
spell 101
ciento uno
121
spell 200
dos cientos
122
spell 1000
mil
123
spell 1,000,000
un millón
124
100%
cien por cien
or
ciento por ciento
125
spell 500
quinientos
126
spell 600
seiscientos
127
spell 700
setecientos
128
spell 900
novecientos (as)
129
spell 900
novecientos
130
how do you spell 16
dieciseis
131
how do you spell 15?
quince
132
how do you spell 17
diecisiete
133
how do you spell 14
catorce
134
how do you spell 19
diecinueve
135
Venir
To come
136
What is the irregular yo form of
I come
Vengo
137
To put
Poner
138
What is The irregular form of the verb -
| I put
Pongo
139
Salir
To go out
140
What is the irregular form of the verb -
I go out
Salgo
141
Hacer
To do
142
To do
Hacer
```
Hago
Haces
Hace
Hacemos
Hacen
```
143
What is the irregular form for the verb
I make
Hago
144
Unpack
| unpack the suitcase
Deshace
Des. —- Hace from to do means to undo
Deshago. I unpack
Deshace he unpacks
Deshacemos we unpack
Deshacen they unpack
145
To stop. ( to detain)
Detener
De tener (To detain) to stop!! Comes from tener to have versus to not have
Detengo
Detienes
Detenemos
Detienen
146
To fasten
| your seatbelts
Abrochar
147
```
I Versus. Me
You. You
He she it. Him her it
we Us
They. Them
```
```
Yo. Me
Tu. Te
El, ella usted. Lo, la ,
Nostros Nos
Ellos. Ellas. Los las
```
148
Hay
There are
There is
there
149
Ha
Have
150
Than
That
What
Que
Qúe with accent is what
151
The
it
Him
Lo
152
Te
You
| Yourself
153
Le
You
It
Him
Her
154
Tu
Tú. With accent is you
Your
155
Así
So
156
Como. Without accent is as or like
Cómo with accent is How !
What is como without accent
As , or like
157
Se Without the accent Means :
Sé with accent is i know
What is se with out accent “themselves “ his self , herself, itself
What is sé with accent
158
So
As
Such
As
Too
So
Tan
159
Hace
Ago
160
Hecho
Fact
Made
161
Les
Them
162
Habia
Have
163
Mierda
Shit!
164
He wanted
Queriá
165
So many
| So much
Tanto
166
Hacerlo
do it
Or
to make it
167
Oye
Hears
168
Hace is ———
Hizo he made
Do
Make
He is making
He is doing
He makes
He does
169
Cariña
Honey
| Lover
170
Ing words in spanish can have the lo attached to the end of the word .
Just like infinitives can also
What is : i am preparing it ?
Estoy preparándolo
171
Tal
Such a
Or such and such
172
Tal vez
Maybe
Such a wonderful song
“ maybe this time he’ll stay”
Such and such
Tal means “ such a “
173
Such and …
Tal
