GRAMMAR L25 - L32

Question 1

もし　(た form)ら、______。

Answer 1

used when you want to make the following clause conditional too.

Question 2

た formら、______。

Answer 2

when / after / once you (done doing something), ______.

Question 3

〜て form も、______。(2)

Answer 3

• even if / though 〜, ______
• いADJECTIVE (くて)
なADJECTIVE (で)
NOUN (で)

Question 4

〜んです(spoken)／〜のです (written)。(2)

Answer 4

• used when you want to introduce / ask / explain a cause / reason / ground etc. strongly
• VERB (plain form)
いADJECTIVE
なADJECTIVE (な)
NOUN (な)

Question 5

〜んですか。

Answer 5

used when you guess the cause / reason as to what you’ve seen / heard it and want to confirm

Question 6

〜どしたんですか。

Answer 6

used to ask for an explanation of a situation

Question 7

どうして　〜　んですか。

Answer 7

used to ask someone to explain the reason / cause of what you’ve heard / seen

Question 8

〜んですが〜

Answer 8

used to introduce a topic. it is followed by a request, an invitation / expression seeking permission

Question 9

INTERROGATIVE CLAUSE 〜たら　いいですか。

Answer 9

used when asking for instructions / advices

Question 10

〜しか　VERB (ない form)。

Answer 10

I cannot VERB but 〜

Question 11

〜だけ VERB(dict. form)。

Answer 11

i can only VERB 〜.

Question 12

〜だけしか　VERB(dict. form) 　ない。

Answer 12

I cannot VERB absolutely anything but_____.

Question 13

は (2)

Answer 13

• particle used to make contrasts.
• used to highlight noun as a topic.

Question 14

も (3)

Answer 14

means…
• also
• as well
• too

Question 15

〜ながら、______。

Answer 15

used to describe 2 actions carried out by one person at the same time.

Question 16

〜ています。

Answer 16

used to describe a customary action

Question 17

VERB (plain form)　し、VERB (dict. form)／い ADJECTIVE (い)／な ADJECTIVE (だ)／NOUN (だ)　し。

Answer 17

used to link certain aspects of something or someone form a certain point

Question 18

VERB (plain form)　し、VERB (dict. form)／い ADJECTIVE (い)／な ADJECTIVE (だ)／NOUN (だ)　し、それに。(4)

Answer 18

• furthermore
•on top of that
•and besides
• used to state cause / reasons when there’s more than one

Question 19

〜。それで〜

Answer 19

used when what was said before it’s the reason / cause of the following sentence

Question 20

NOUNが　(INTRANSITIVE VERB)　て　します

Answer 20

used to express the state which results a consequence

Question 21

〜て　しまいました／いまいます。(3)

Answer 21

• used to emphasise an action / event has been completed
• to emphasise the speaker’s will to complete the action
• to convey speaker’s embarrassment/ regret of an action / event being completed

Question 22

NOUNが　〜て　あります。

Answer 22

used to indicate the state which results as consequence of an action that someone has done intentionally.

Question 23

〜て　おきます。

Answer 23

used when you need to complete an action within a certain time

Question 24

VERB (volitional form) と　思 (おも)います／思 (おも)っています。(3)

Answer 24

• used when the speaker is thinking of doing something
• と　思います　ー> decision made on the spot
• と　思いってます　ー> decision made time ago

Question 25

〜　VERB (dict. form / な form)　つもりです。

Answer 25

used to express the speaker's intentions

Question 26

〜　VERB (dict. form / な form) ／NOUNの　予定 (よてい)　です。

Answer 26

used where you PLAN to do something

Question 27

〜ほうが　いいです。(2)

Answer 27

• used to give advice / suggestion • a comparison + a choice between 2 things is implied

Question 28

〜たらいいです。(2)

Answer 28

• used to give advice / suggestion • a simple comparison is implied

Question 29

〜　VERB／いADJECTIVE／なADJECTIVE／NOUN　VERB (plain form)　でしょう。

Answer 29

used to make predictions / inferences

Question 30

〜　VERB／いADJECTIVE／なADJECTIVE／NOUN　VERB (plain form)　かもしれません。

Answer 30

used to indicate possibility of an event

Question 31

〜ない　かも　しれません。

Answer 31

used to indicate an event might not happen

Question 32

ADVERB　もっと／たぶん／もしかしたら

Answer 32

• もっと (high speaker's certainty) • たぶん (mid speaker's certainty) • もしかしたら (low speaker's certainty)

Question 33

QUANTIFIERで

Answer 33

used to indicate the limit of a price / time etc. for an action to be completed