Grammar Shtuff Flashcards
(71 cards)
What is a Direct Object [DO for short]
Pronoun that is affected by a verb
I [verbed] [DO]
They called HER = LA llamaron
They read THEM = LOS leen
I want IT = LO quiero
We help YOU = TE ayudamos
You look at ME = ME miras
What is Indirect object [IO for short]
Pronoun that is not directly affected by verb but when something is done for or to a pronoun.
I [verbed] [DO] to [IO]
He bought a car for ME = ME compró un coche
They threw the ball to YOU = TE tiró la pelota
We tell THEM = LES contamos
I gave it to YOU = TE lo doy
Direct objects pronouns
Me
Te
Lo/la
Nos
Os
Los/las
Indirect objects pronouns
Me
Te
Le
Nos
Os
Les
Reflexive Pronouns
Me
Te
Se
Nos
Os
Se
When to use reflexive vs direct pronouns
Reflexive is only used when doing stuff to self
Se lava = He washes himself
Lo lava = He washes him
Exception to direct and indirect pronoun rules
When le is followed by lo/la/los/la it must change to se
E.g. “She gave it to him”:
1. “Ella le lo dio” is wrong because le cannot be followed by a DO pronoun that begins with L
2. “Ella se lo dio” is correct because Le[him IO] is followed by Lo[it DO] so le must change to se
Gustar grammar rules
Gustar directly translates To be pleasing to
So it uses IO pronouns
(This is why “he likes” is “le gusta”)
Por
Because of
/for (on behalf of)
/through
/for a time
/per
/by (someone)
/in exchange
Para
In order to
/for someone
/destination
/by a deadline
/comparison (for a mexican)
a
to
De
Of
/from
[Constant]
Desde
From
/since
From
De/desde
For
Para
/por
To
a
Of
De
Since
Desde
Se me ha ___
I have ___ed it.
[It has been ____ed by me]
Se (IO)
Used when something happens accidentally to someone
Se me ha caido = I have dropped it
????? i do not know what I was on about here or if it is true. I will change later
Priority of pronouns
[IO] [Reflexive] [DO] verb
Because of
Por
for (Exchange)
Por
Per
Por
