grammar - to memorise! Flashcards
(10 cards)
which cases don’t have ‘en’ adjective endings?
nominative: masculine, feminine, neuter
accusative: feminine, neuter
what noun endings are added for the cases?
genitive: masculine, neuter —> ‘des’/ ‘eines’ = ‘s’, ‘es’
(shorter/ more germanic nouns take ‘es’; longer/ foreign nouns take ‘s’)
dative: plural —> ‘den’/ ‘einen’ (CAREFUL) = ‘n’
what prepositions take the dative case?
Amrita Asks Big Giants More Names So Vehicles Zoom
Aus
Außer
Bei
Gegenüber (across from, opposite, towards - figurative; Er war seiner Mutter gegenüber respektlos)
Mit
Nach
Seit
Von
Zu
what prepositions take the accusative case?
Big Dragons Fight Giants On Unicorns
Bis
Durch
Für
Gegen (against, towards - x time etc)
Ohne
Um
what prepositions do dual cases take?
Accusative or Dative; All Angry Hippos In New Uniforms Understand Villainous Zoos
An
Auf
Hinter
In
Neben
Über
Unter
Vor
Zwischen
what prepositions take the genitive case?
Deadly Wild Weather Argues In The Streets
Dank
Wegen
Während
Außerhalb (outside of)
Innerhalb
Trotz
Statt (/anstatt)
what distinguishes dative from accusative?
the dative case refers to the indirect object - something is being done TO or FOR someone
the accusative refers to the direct object - focus on WHO AND WHAT
what is always to be prioritised with the cases?
prepositions - even over verbs
which verbs take the dative case?
antworten – to answer
begegnen – to meet / to encounter
danken – to thank
drohen – to threaten
einfallen – to come to mind
fehlen – to be missing / to lack
folgen – to follow
gefallen – to please
gehören – to belong to
glauben – to believe
gratulieren – to congratulate
helfen – to help
passen – to fit / to suit
passieren – to happen (to someone)
schaden – to harm
verzeihen – to forgive
vertrauen – to trust
wehtun – to hurt / to be painful
give the possessive pronouns for er, sie, es, sie (plural) and man
sein - er, es, man
ihr - sie, sie (pl)
