Grammar Unit 4 Flashcards by Bella Davis

Subjunctive how to form

Go to yo
Drop the o
Add the opposite ending

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Subjunctive ar endings

E
Es
E
Emos
Éis
En

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Ir/er ending for subjunctive

A
As
A
Amos
Áis
An

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Conjugate dar in subjunctive

Dé
Des 
Dé
Demos 
Den

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Conjugate estar in subjunctive

Esté
Estés
Esté
Estemos 
Estén

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Conjugate ir in subjunctive

Vaya 
Vayas 
Vaya 
Vayamos 
Vayan

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Conjugate saber in subjunctive

Sepa 
Sepas 
Sepa 
Sepamos 
Sepa

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Conjugate ser in subjunctive

Sea
Seas 
Sean 
Seamos
Sea

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Conjugate caber in subjunctive

Quepa 
Quepas 
Quepa 
Quepamos 
Quepan

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Conjugate caer in subjunctive

Caiga 
Caigas 
Caiga 
Caigamos 
Caigan

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Conjugate jugar in subjunctive

Juegue 
Juegues 
Juegue
Juguemos 
Jueguen

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Conjugate hacer in subjunctive

Haga 
Hagas 
Haga 
Hagamos
Hagan

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Conjugate poner in subjunctive

Ponga 
Pongas 
Ponga 
Pongamos 
Pongan

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Conjugate producir in subjunctive

Produzca 
Produzcas 
Produzca 
Produzcamos 
Produzcan

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Conjugate tener in subjunctive

Tenga 
Tengas 
Tenga 
Tengamos 
Tengan

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Conjugate sacar in subjunctive

Saque 
Saques 
Saque
Saquemos
Saquen

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How do stem changers change in subjunctive

Same as in present tense
Ar/er boot verbs, but Ir nosotros and vosotros only change one letter
E-I
O-u

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Conjugate preferir in subjunctive

Prefiera

Prefiramos

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Conjugate dormir in subjunctive

Duerma

Durmamos

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Conjugate servir in subjunctive

Sirva

Sirvamos

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Conjugate mentir in subjunctive

Mienta

Mintamos

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Conjugate morir in subjunctive

Muera

Muramos

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Conjugate advertir in subjunctive

Advierta

Advirtamos

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Conjugate pedir in subjunctive

Pida

Pidamos

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Car, gar, zar in subjunctive

Gar-gu Car-qu Zar-c

Use present perfect subjunctive

To express what has happened or will have happened

How to form present perfect subjunctive

Haya (s/Amos/an)+ past participle (ido/ado) | Review irregular past participles

Aconsejar que

To advise that

Ojalá

To hope that

Suplicar que

To beg that

Impedir que

To prevent that, to stop

Mandar que

To order that

Rogar que

To beg that

Es menester que

It is necessary that

Es preciso que

It is necessary that

Es imprescindible que

It is essential that

Más vale que

It is better that

Importa que

It is important that

Comviene que

It is helpful that

Exigir que

To demand that

Desear que

To desire that

Sugerir que

To suggest that

Hacer que

To make

Rule about si and present subjunctive

Si is NEVER followed by present subjunctive

How to form usted/ustedes command

Go to yo Drop the o Add opposite ending

How to form negative usted, ustedes command

Just put no in front

Conjugate ser in usted/ustedes command

Sea | Sean

Conjugate dar in usted/ustedes command

Dé | Den

Conjugate estar in usted/ustedes command

Esté | Estén

Conjugate saber in usted/ustedes command

Sepa | Sepan

Conjugate Ir in usted/ustedes command

Vaya | Vayan

Where to attach pronouns with commands

Indirect then direct Attach to affirmative Before verb if negative

How to form tú command affirmative

Same as el/Ella/usted form of present tense

Conjugate decir in tú command

Conjugate hacer in tú command

Haz

Conjugate ir in tú command

Conjugate poner in tú command

Pon

Conjugate salir in tú command

Sal

Conjugate ser in tú command

Sé

Conjugate tener in tú command

Ten

Conjugate venir in tú command

Ven

How to form negative tú command

Adding s to ustedes commands (Go to yo Drop the o Add opposite ending with s)

How to form vosotros command

Drop r and Add d to end of infinitive

How to form reflexive vosotros command

Just drop r after infinitive

How to form negative vosotros command

No + vosotros form of subjunctive

Nosotros command

Let’s | Nosotros form of present subjunctive

Attaching pronouns Nn Ss Sn

Nn is okay Ss not okay, drop an s Sn not okay, drop an s

Indirect command

!que+subjunctive+subject!

Expressions to indicate obligation

``` Tener que +infinitive Deber que +infinitive Haber que+ infinitive Hay que+ infinitive Impersonal expressions + infinitive ```

Indirect command pronoun placement

Before the conjugated verb

Vosotros command of irse

Idos