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Grape Varieties CSW exam flashcards

1
Q

What is the most important grape species in wine? Second most?

A

Vinifera Labrusca

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2
Q

What are the characteristics of Chardonnay?

A

Green apple, melon, pear (cool), tropical fruit (warm), butter (malo), Vanilla, butterscotch, toast, caramel (oak)

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3
Q

Where is Chardonnay indigenous to?

A

Burgundy, France (limestone soils)

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4
Q

Chardonnay’s from warmer regions tend to be what?

A

More full bodied and higher alcohol

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5
Q

Chardonnay’s from cooler climates tend to be what?

A

Crisp in acidity with light to medium body

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6
Q

What is one noteable trait of Chardonnay?

A

Its ability to improve with age

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7
Q

What is the acidity and alcohol in Chardonnay?

A

Acidity - low to high

Alcohol - medium to low

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8
Q

What are the characteristics of Sauvignon Blanc?

A 
Grass, hay, grapefruit, green pepper (cool) 
Asparagus, melon (warm) 
flint (Loire)
Gooseberry (New Zealand) 
Toast, smoke (oak)
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9
Q

What is the acidity and alcohol in Sauvignon Blanc?

A

Acidity - high

Alcohol - medium

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10
Q

Sauvignon Blanc is native to what region?

A

France

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11
Q

Sauvignon Blanc is normally a minority ingredient in the sweet dessert wines of what?

A

The Bordeaux area, including Sauternes

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12
Q

Wines labeled Fume Blanc are assumed to have what influence?

A

Oak

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13
Q

What are the characteristics of Riesling?

A

Peach, nectarine, apricot, honeysuckle, jasmine, wat stone “petrol”, baking spices (well aged)

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14
Q

What is the acidity and alcohol in Riesling?

A

Acidity - high to very high

Alcohol - very low to high

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15
Q

Where is Riesling indigenous to?

A

Germany

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16
Q

What are the only synonyms for true Riesling?

A

White Riesling and Johannisberg Riesling

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17
Q

What are the characteristics of Chenin Blanc?

A

Apple, straw, melon, apricot, almond, citrus blossoms

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18
Q

What is the acidity and alcohol of Chenin Blanc?

A

Acidity - high

Alcohol - medium to high

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19
Q

Where did Chenin Blanc originate from?

A

Loire Valley

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20
Q

Like Riesling, Chenin Blanc can be found in what versions?

A

Dry, sweet, or sparkling

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21
Q

Why are Riesling and Chenin Blanc able to produce good sparkling wines?

A

Due to their high acidity and ability to be grown in cool climates

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22
Q

What is the South African name for Chenin Blanc?

A

Steen

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23
Q

What are the characteristics of Pinot Grigio/Gris?

A

Apple, lemon, melon, peach, minerals

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24
Q

What is the acidity and alcohol of Pinot Grigio/Gris?

A

Acidity - low to high

Alcohol - medium

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25
Where did Pinot Grigio/Gris originate?
In Burgundy France. A mutation of Pinot Noir.
26
Pinot Gris usually identifies the type of wine produced in...
Alsace or Oregon (these cool climate wines have high acidity, medium to full body, pear apple, and almond like characteristics)
27
Pinot Gris is called what in Germany?
Rulander or Grauburgunder
28
Wines labeled Pinot Grigio are usually what?
Dry and often neutral and unoaked. Some versions can be aromatic and less aged.
29
What are the characteristics of Muscat?
Musk, honey, orange blossom, apricot, table grapes
30
What is the acidity and alcohol of Muscat?
Acidity - medium | Alcohol - medium to high
31
What are some prime examples of well-known Muscats?
- Vins doux naturals from France - Asti from northeastern Italy - Rutherglen Muscats from Australia - Moscatels from south Spain
32
Where does Muscat tend to perform best?
In warm to hot climates
33
What are the well-known or signature white grape(s) of Argentina?
Torrontes
34
What are the well -known or signature white grape(s) of Austria?
Gruner Veltliner
35
What are the well -known or signature white grape(s) of France?
Muscadet, Marsanne, Rousanne, Aligote
36
What are the well -known or signature white grape(s) of Germany?
Muller-Thurgau, Silvaner
37
What are the well -known or signature white grape(s) of Greece?
Assyrtiko, Moschofilero, Rhoditis
38
What are the well -known or signature white grape(s) of Hungary?
Furmint
39
What are the well -known or signature white grape(s) of Italy?
Cortese, Garganega, Glera which goes into (prosecco), Verdicchio, Vermintino
40
What are the well -known or signature white grape(s) of Spain?
Albarino, Macabeo/viura, Palomino, Parellada, Pedro Ximenez, Verdejo, Xarel-lo
41
What are the well -known or signature white grape(s) of Switzerland?
Chasselas
42
Explain Semillion
Dry, white wine often blended with Chard in Australia and has the primary constituent of the sweet dessert wines of Bordeaux and southwestern France. Often blended with wines of higher acidity for balance.
43
Explain Viognier
rich, viscous, full bodied heft and rich aromatics.
44
Explain Pinot Blanc
"Weissburgunder" One of the main grapes of Alsace | Similar to Pinot Gris- can be difficult to tell apart
45
Explain Gewurtztraminer
One of the most aromatic varieties/ perfume of flowers and spice/ probably most prominent in Alsace
46
Explain Trebbiano
Commercially important grape variety | Associated with Italy but also planted in France (used mostly for brandy production)
47
What are the characteristics of Cabernet Sauvignon?
- Black currant, cedar, eucalyptus, tobacco, black cherry, dark chocolate, cedar, bell pepper, (cool) Vanilla (new aged oak), coffee, caramel, cigar box (well aged)
48
What is the acidity, alcohol, and tannin in Cabernet Sauvignon?
Acidity - medium to high Alcohol - high Tannin - high
49
Where did Cabernet Sauvignon originate?
Bordeaux
50
What is the difference between Napa cabs and Bordeaux cabs?
Napa - higher in alcohol, lower in acidity and more fruit forward Bordeaux - Restrained fruit and /or spice notes
51
What are the characteristics of Merlot?
Blueberry, plum, black cherry, mint, coffee, chocolate
52
What is the acidity, alcohol, and tannin of Merlot?
Acidity and Alcohol - medium | Tannin - medium to high
53
What are the differences between Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon?
Merlot is less intense, less tannic, less alcoholic and less acidic with lighter, brighter fruit than Cab
54
Why do Merlot and Cab Sauv compliment each other?
Aromas are similar, but not identical giving the combo a much richer array of flavors. Merlot ripens early, and cab late. Mitigates the risk of extreme weather at either end of the growing season.
55
Where does Grenache typically appear?
In blended wines to add alcoholic strength and complexity
56
TRUE or FALSE: Grenache tends to oxidize quickly, picking up a blueish green tint.
FALSE: It oxidizes to ORANGEish/ rustic tint
57
What are the characteristics of Grenache?
Strawberry, sour cherry, flowers, black pepper, cranberry
58
What is the alcohol, acidity, and tannin of Grenache?
Alcohol - high Acidity - low to medium Tannin - low
59
Where did Syrah originate?
France
60
What is the alcohol, acidity, and tannin of Syrah/Shiraz?
Alcohol - high Acidity - low to medium Tannin - high
61
What are the characteristics of Syrah/Shiraz?
Blackberry, tar, leather, anise, rosemary, black pepper, smoke, lavender, forest floor, earth, dried fruits, smoked meats
62
Where does Pinot Noir perform best?
cool climates
63
Where did Pinot Noir originate?
Burgundy
64
What are the characteristics of Pinot Noir?
Cherry, raspberry, strawberry, earth, violet, lilac, sandalwood, mushroom
65
What is the alcohol, acidity, and tannin of Pinot Noir?
Alcohol - medium Acidity - medium to high Tannin - low to medium
66
As Pinot Noir matures, what type of characteristics may it take on?
forest floor, barnyard, earthy
67
What are the characteristics of Cabernet Franc?
cranberry, strawberry, tobacco, mushroom, bell pepper, tea, raspberry, violet
68
What is the acidity, alcohol, and tannin in Cab Franc?
Acidity - medium to high Alcohol - medium Tannin - light to medium
69
Where does Cab Franc comprise a wide percentage of plantings?
Right Bank appellations in Bordeaux
70
What are the characteristics of Sangiovese?
sour cherry, orange peel, high in acid and lightly colored
71
What varietal is considered to be densely pigmented, high in alcohol, and spicy?
Zinfandel
72
Which has more tannin Sangiovese or Nebbiolo?
Nebbiolo
73
What is Mouvedre also called in Spain?
Monastrell
74
What are the characteristics of Tempranillo?
leather, tobacco, chalk dust
75
What are the characteristics of Malbec?
inky black, blackberry and plum
76
Define Species
A scientific grouping of plants and animals- in this case, vines
77
Define Variety
A subspecies of grape; that is, an identifiable group of vines that share characteristics of appearance, flavor, and growth.
78
Define Clone
Vines descended from a single plant by cuttings. In theory, each is an exact, genetically identical copy of the original plant.
79
Define Mutation
A vine that has developed different characteristics from its parents or fellow clones through imperfect reproduction of cells as it grows.

Grape Varietals (1 decks)

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