Great Depression Flashcards
(24 cards)
Civillian Conservation Corps
A New Deal program established in 1933, provided employment and conservation work (planting trees, building roads and trails, fighting fires, and developing parks and recreational areas) for young men, particularly during the Great Depression.
Congress of Industrial Organizations
Formed in 1935, was a federation of North American industrial unions that organized workers in mass production industries
Father Charles Coughlin
A catholic priest who promoted antisemitic and pro-facist views over the radio. One of the most influential public figures in the 1930s.
Dust Bowl A
A severe ecological disaster in the 1930s caused by drought and poor farming practices. Resulted in widespread dust storms and soil erosion across in the Great Plains region, including parts of Oklahoma, Texas, Kansas, Colorado, and New Mexico
Federal Theatre Project
A program established during the Great Depression as part of the New Deal to fund live artistic performances and entertainment programs in the United States.
Federal Writers Project
a New Deal program established in 1935, employed writers to document American culture and history, producing guidebooks, oral histories, and ethnic studies, including the American Guide Series. It provided work for unemployed writers, editors, and research workers.
First New Deal
Enacted by Roosevelt’s administration between 1933 and 1942. A series of reforms focusing on relief for the unemployed and for the poor, recovery of the economy back to normal levels, and reform of the financial system to prevent a repeat depression.
Flint Sit-Down
44-day strike at General Motors plants in Flint, Michigan, from December 1936 to February 1937, where workers occupied the factories instead of picketing outside, ultimately leading to the unionization of the auto industry and recognition of the United Auto Workers.
Franklin D. Roosevelt
32nd president of the USA, elected 4 terms (also the reason why we limit presidents to 2 terms now), popular because of his actions to end the Great Depression. He spearheaded the New Deal, creating the PWA and WPA. He was also the president during WW2.
German-American Bund
an American Nazi organization established in the 1930s. Its main goal was the promote a favorable view of Nazi Germany most influential pro-Nazi organization in the United States during its time. The organization held rallies and ran summer youth camps. Through these efforts, the Bund aimed to increase support for Nazism amoung German Americans.
Hoovervilles
underdeveloped towns made completely by homeless people
Track progress
Japanese Internment
During WW2, the U.S. forcibly relocated and incarcerated approximately 120,000 people of Japanese descent, including many American citizens, into internment camps, primarily in the western interior of the country, after the attack on Pearl Harbor
National Recovery Administration
established in 1933 by President Franklin D. Roosevelt under the National Industrial Recovery Act, aimed to stimulate economic recovery during the Great Depression by encouraging industry-wide codes of fair competition, setting minimum wages, and limiting working hours
Lend Lease Act
Passed in March 1941, authorized the US to provide military aid to nations deemed vital to the defense of the United States, allowing them to lend or lease war supplies without directly entering the war
Minneapolis Teamsters Strike
big event in US labor history, where Teamsters Local 574, represented trucking and warehouse workers, went on strike to demand union recognition, wage increases, and shorter working hours, leading to violent clashes with police and paved the way for the rise of industrial unionism
Second New Deal
aimed to improve ppl’s lives (ie financial aid, social nets) over improving the economy. was more popular than the first new deal around the US as a whole. not backed by conservatives launched by FDR
National Labor Relations Act/Board
An independent federal agency that enforces the National Labor Relations Act, ensuring the rights of private sector employees to organize, bargain collectively, and engage in protected activities, while also preventing and remedying unfair labor practices
March on Washington Movement
a big moment in the Civil Rights Movement, was a massive protest in 1963 where over 250,000 people gathered in Washington D.C. to advocate for civil and economic rights, culminating in Martin Luther King Jr.’s iconic “I Have a Dream” speech
San Francisco General Strike
In 1934, a strike started by longshoremen up and down the West Coast escalated into a general strike involving 150,000 workers, shutting down the city of San Francisco for four days. On July 5, or “Bloody Thursday,” police fired into a crowd of picketing workers, killing 3 and injuring 115
Smith Act
officially the Alien Registration Act of 1940, made it a crime to advocate for the violent overthrow of the U.S. government, and required non-citizen adult residents to register with the federal government.
A. Phillip Randolph
a labor leader and civil rights activist who founded the nation’s first major Black labor union, the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters in 1925. In the 1930s, his organizing efforts helped end both racial discrimination in defense industries and segregation in the U.S. armed forces
War Powers Act
a federal law passed in 1973 that aims to limit the president’s ability to commit U.S. forces to armed conflict without congressional authorization, requiring notification and consultation with Congress before and after military action.
Zoot Suit Riots
a series of violent incidents in Los Angeles in June 1943, where white servicemen and civilians attacked Mexican American youth, particularly those wearing “zoot suits,” fueled by racism, wartime tensions, and the perception of zoot suits as unpatriotic.
Works Progress Administration
a New Deal program established in 1935 by President FDR, aimed to provide jobs and relief to the unemployed during the Great Depression, funding infrastructure projects, arts programs, and more
