Great Problems, Effective Altruism

Question 1

Figure of merit

Answer 1

a numerical expression representing the performance or efficiency of a given device, material, or procedure.

Question 2

Consequentialist

Answer 2

Consequentialism is an ethical theory that judges whether or not something is right by what its consequences are. … Also, in certain situations, consequentialism can lead to decisions that are objectionable, even though the consequences are arguably good.

Question 3

Micronutrient supplementation

Answer 3

Micronutrient supplementation is the administration of pharmaceutically prepared vitamins and minerals to target individuals or groups for treatment and/or prevention of a specific micronutrient deficiency.

Question 4

Anxiety statistics 2019

Answer 4

284 million people this year that are facing anxiety disorders > anxiety disorders is the number one issue of mental illnesses

Question 5

How much was spent in 2019 on mental health issues

Answer 5

1 trillion dollars lost a year to mental health issues

Question 6

what demographic of society is mental health affecting more

Answer 6

The growing trend of depression is affecting people more under 25 > this is more linked to a cultural changes > changes in sleep and social interaction > not linked to genetics > not a significant increase in older people. in teenagers yes. Why?

Question 7

Suicide statistics

Answer 7

suicide is worse for men than women is what stats show and by 2030 this will be one of the worst global health burdens. Women are more likely to be depressed but men are more likely to commit suicide > horribly rippling effect > making it more likely that family and community will commit suicide

Question 8

Positive psychology: PERMA Model - what does it stand for?

Answer 8

• Positive emotion
• Engagement
• Relationships ( (having at least one person you can call no matter what to lean on in tough times)
• Meaning (having a purpose)
• Achievements

Question 9

Depressive disorders were a leading cause of burden in the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 1990 and 2000 and 2010 studies.

Answer 9

GBD 2010 identified depressive disorders as a leading cause of burden. MDD was also a contributor of burden allocated to suicide and ischemic heart disease. These findings emphasize the importance of including depressive disorders as a public-health priority and implementing cost-effective interventions to reduce its burden.

Question 10

World Happiness Report measure happiness by asking people in 156 countries to “value their lives today on a 0 to 10 scale, with the worst possible life as a 0 and the best possible life as a 10.” This is a widely used measure of general life satisfaction. Results?

Answer 10

In these measures the Nordic countries—Finland, Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Iceland—tend to score highest in the world. Accordingly, it is no surprise that every time we measure life satisfaction, these countries are consistently in the top 10.

But when you look at how much positive emotion people experience, the top of the world looks very different. Suddenly, Latin American countries such as Paraguay, Guatemala and Costa Rica are the happiest countries on earth.

So while Finland might be good at keeping the average life satisfaction levels high, those at risk for depression might not get enough social support to cope with their low mood. Maybe that’s why Finland has the highest number of heavy metal bands per capita in the world.

Question 11

Social comparison seems to play a significant role in people’s life satisfaction. If everybody else is doing better than you, it is hard to be satisfied with your life conditions, no matter how good they objectively are.

Answer 11

This is why researchers are worried that social media, where people are constantly exposed to idealized versions of other people’s lives, might make people more depressed.

Question 12

Intersectionality

Answer 12

Intersectionality is an analytical framework for understanding how aspects of a person’s social and political identities combine to create different modes of discrimination and privilege. Examples of these aspects are gender, caste, sex, race, class, sexuality, religion, disability, physical appearance, and height.
Intersectionality identifies multiple factors of advantage and disadvantage. These intersecting and overlapping social identities may be both empowering and oppressing.

For example, a Black woman might face discrimination from a business that is not distinctly due to her race (because the business does not discriminate against Black men) nor distinctly due to her gender (because the business does not discriminate against white women), but due to a combination of the two factors.

Question 13

Intersectionality & feminism

Answer 13

Intersectionality broadens the lens of the first and second waves of feminism, which largely focused on the experiences of women who were both white and middle-class, to include the different experiences of women of color, women who are poor, immigrant women, and other groups. Intersectional feminism aims to separate itself from white feminism by acknowledging women’s different experiences and identities.

Question 14

Medicaid

Answer 14

Medicaid is the nation’s health insurance program for low-income Americans and is a vitally important part of our health care system. It covers many of the nation’s poorest and sickest patients…more than 16 million adults with Medicaid coverage (53 percent) have a history of CVD.