great war Flashcards
(25 cards)
why did Scots join
- said to be exciting or glamorous
- meant to end by Christmas
- friends signed up
- chance to go abroad (holiday)
- lies about Germans (rape, murder of baby’s and torture of civilians)
- to be payed , wages
weapons
- artillery
- gas
- tanks
- mg’s
- aircraft
artillery
- destroyed barbed wire and enemy defences
- crew of 6
- most deaths caused
- slow to move
Gas
chlorine gas
- colourless
- smells of bleach
- respiratory damage
phosgene gas
- colourless
- smells of cut hay
- respiratory damage
- fluid build-up
mustard gas
- dark yellow
- smells of garlic
- chemical burns
tanks
- slow
- stuck in mud
- field guns
- mg’s
- can cross trenches up to 2.5m wide
- made by British
Mg’s
- 600 rpm
- 4500 yard range
- water jacket
- detachable barrel
- most effective
aircraft
- New
- recon, photography of enemy lines
- later development added mg’s
trenches
infections or diseases
- mud ankle deep (trench foot)
- rats and lice
food
- canned stew
fear
- shell shock (PTSD)
- snipers
- artillery
- death
DORA
defence of the realm act
- gave the government wide-ranging powers.
- the government had the power to take over factories turning them into munition works.
- The government censored the press
- Effect people’s lifes
-
rationing
short supply’s of
- sugar, meat, butter
propiganda
changing role of women
women in the workforce
- munition factories (30,000 joined)
- agriculture (thousands joined)
- transport
- tram drivers
- bus drivers
- police
removed from jobs after the war
Propiganda
used by the government to influence people’s opinions on the war
- encouraged Scots to enlist
- encouraged Scots to ration food
- gain public support for the war and boost morale
conscription
soldiers were desperately needed
- by law all men 18 to 40 were forced to join the war
- changed to include married men in march 1916
- changed to up to 50 in 1918
conscientious objectors
exempt from conscription
- Farm workers
- munition workers
- mine workers
- religious views
deaths (scots)
the exact count will never be known
- official number stated at 75,000
- more likely to be 150,000
- 26.4% death rate for Scots
War work
industry’s were boosted thanks to the war
- ship building on the Clyde
- boosted employment
- (Dundee) sandbags for trenches
- increase in scottish agriculture
- employment in munitions factories that provides weapons and shels to the war
reserved occupations
men employed in the war effort such as coal mining, shipbuilding, and munitions could apply for exemption from service
post war decline in heavy industry
The boom from heavy industries did not last after the war
- unemployment rose
- war created large demands that were not met after the war
- British industries such as coal mining, steel and iron production and textiles now faced global competitors
fishing and agriculture
Scotland had a profitable fishing business before the war
- fishing was restricted due to fear of attacks from the Germans U-boats
- fish was rationed
- some farmers gained 150% wage increase
New industry (1920)
some growths of new industries in britain
- electricity
- gas
- less use of coal
campaigns for women’s sufferage
sufragists
- peacfull
suffragettes
- millitant
they both campaigned for the women’s right to vote
- they supported the war efforts
hunger strikes
- women were then force fed in prison
health effects that the industry had on women
TNT
- turned skin yellow as it was poisoned
Acid
- poisoned gums and led to loss of teeth
the right to vote
- men over 21 could vote but no women in 1914
- 1918 men 21+ or 19 if they had fought in active service and ‘respectable’ women over 30
- 21 million more people could now vote (8.4m women)
- by 1928 women could vote equally like men
homes fit for heros
soldiers would have clean and sanitary homes when they returned. maby people couldn’t afford these homes due yo the unemployment crisis
