Greece Chapter Test Flashcards
(47 cards)
How has geography influenced Greece?
The rugged mountains made them isolated from the rest of the world and the good harbors helped with sea trading. The rugged terrain made communication difficult which created Independence and Local Patriotism
What was the first Aegan/Greek civilization?
The Minoan civilization
How do we know the legends behind the Trojan War?
Homer writing the Liliad and Odyssey
What developed during the Greek Dark Ages?
The common culture of Greece developed as people passed on from generation to generation the legends value and lived a simple life
What was the purpose of Greek Mythology?
Designed to explain the beliefs about life, the world, and God
What was the purpose of the Olympic Games?
Religious festivals honoring the gods through competition
Why does a democracy lead to instability?
Because not everyone could vote and not everyone voting leads to instability and it turns into a cycle
Compare and Contrast Athens and Sparta
Sparta was by the coast by Aegean Sea and they had a strong militaristic to control their slaves, the society’s focus was to train warriors, they had a oligarchy with the state glorified the most but they were very isolated
Athens was on the Peloponnese Peninsula and focused on creativity they had a strong navy, the king turned into a Democracy through good tyrants, the glorified individualism the most
What was the result of the Battle of Marathon?
Persia was defeated by Athens
How did Xerxes cross the Hellespont?
With a bridge made of boats with a army of 200,000
What happened at Theermopylae?
7,000 Greeks held the Persians back until a traitor showed them a alternate route, 300 Spartans stayed, fighting the Persians to the death giving the rest of the army time to retreat and regroup
What happened at Salamis Bay?
The Persians burnt down Athens but Themistocles tricked Xerxes enabling the Greek navy to defeat the Persian navy and the Spartans defeated the remaining Persian Troops.
What was the Delin League?
Athens formed to protect against Persia and Pericles and established a Democracy
Who could vote in Athens “Democracy”?
all adult, free, male citizens who could vote
What caused the Peloponnese War?
Athens control of the Delian League
What happened to Alexander’s empire?
When he died it was divided between 4 generals
What were Alexander’s contributions?
Military Genius- empire absorbed all previous
founded cities that became centers of learning
Spread Greek culture
Describe the value and character of the Greek people?
beauty, freedom, justice, knowledge, creativity, being versatile, physical abilities, self-control, restrain, balance, and moderation
What is the Golden Mean?
“Nothing in Excess, Everything in Proportion”
What is the difference between Hellenic and Hellenistic cultures?
Hellenic culture-values beauty, freedom, knowledge, creativity, being versatile, physical abilities, self-control, restrain, balance, and moderation
Hellenistic culture- like the Greek, a blending and uniting of Greek and Near Eastern culture
What is the difference between humanities and humanism?
Humanities-the formal study of human thought and culture like philosophy, history, language, and math
Humanism-putting humans in place or above God
What is Philosophy? What are its 4 basic questions?
Philosophy- a system of values and beliefs that guide our every actions
Where did I come from?
What am I here?
Where am I going?
What is good in life?
Who was Socrates? How did he teach? Ending?
emphasized on reason, “know thyself”, he taught using the Socratic Method to ask questions and analyze students answers, he was sentenced to death for corrupting the youth of Athens
What was the purpose of Greek drama and art?
to investigate the world they live in and what its meant to be a human
