Greek Flashcards
(119 cards)
1
Q
Jupiter
A
Roman name for Zeus; ruler of the gods; god of the skies; lightning
2
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Juno
A
Roman name for Hera; queen of the gods; goddess of marriage; peacock
3
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Neptune
A
Roman name for Poseidon; god of the sea and horses; trident
4
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Pluto
A
Roman name for Hades; god of the Underworld, wealth, and riches; two-pronged trident
5
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Ceres
A
Roman name for Demeter; goddess of grain and agriculture; wheat, cornucopia
6
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Diana
A
Roman name for Artemis; goddess of the moon and the hunt; eternal maiden; silver, bow and arrow
7
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Apollo
A
god of the sun, music, poetry, prophecy, and medicine; lyre, bow and arrow
8
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Bacchus
A
Roman name for Dionysus; god of wine, parties, and ecstasy; grapes, thyrsus
9
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Vesta
A
Roman name for Hestia; goddess of the hearth; eternal maiden; hearth and it’s fire
10
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Venus
A
Roman name for Aphrodite; goddess of love, fertility, and beauty; mother of Eros; dolphin, rose, love
11
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Mars
A
Roman name for Ares; god of war, the spirit of battle; sword, chariot, boar
12
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Minerva
A
Roman name for Athena; goddess of wisdom and strategic war; creator of the olive tree; eternal maiden; owl, olive tree
13
Q
Mercury
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Roman name for Hermes; god of travel, thievery, merchants; messenger for the gods; caduceus, petasos
14
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Vulcan
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Roman name for Hephaestus; god of fire, the forge and smiths; hammer, anvil
15
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Janus
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Roman god of good beginnings, doorways; often depicted with two faces
16
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Terra
A
Roman name for Gaia/Gaea; Mother Earth as a goddess; wife of Uranus; mother of Kronos and the Titans and Giants; earth, trees, fruits
17
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Mors
A
Roman name for Thanatos; god of death; son of Nyx; brother of Hypnos; inverted torch, poppy, butterfly, theta
18
Q
Nox
A
Roman name for Nyx; female personification of night; mother of the primordial powers of sleep death, the Fates, Nemesis, and old age; daughter of Chaos; egg, moon, owl
19
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Saturn
A
Roman name for Kronos; Titan god of time; king of the Titans; connected to agriculture; son of Uranus and Gaea; brother and husband of Rhea; sickle, scythe, snake
20
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Cupid
A
Roman name for Eros; god of love; son of Aphrodite; bow, arrows, torch, wings
21
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Somnus
A
Roman name for Hypnos; god of sleep; son of Nyx; brother of Thanatos; poppy, River Lethe
22
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Invidia
A
Roman name for Nemesis; goddess of retribution and revenge; daughter of Nyx; lash, dagger, scales
23
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Sol
A
Roman name for Helios; former god of the sun; drove a chariot from East to West; sun, chariot
24
Q
Luna
A
Roman name for Selene; personification of the moon as a goddess; sister of Helios and Eos; crescent, torch, bull
25
Styx
A river in the Underworld; sworn to as the most binding oath; Achilles dipped in this river to become invulnerable
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Nefas
Roman name for Ate; goddess of mischief, delusion, ruin, and blind folly; daughter of Eris and Zeus
27
Victoria
Roman name for Nike; goddess of victory; daughter of Pallas and the goddess Styx; golden sandals, wreaths, wings
28
Discordia
Roman name for Eris; goddess of strife and discord; lives in Erebus; golden apple of discord
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Somnia
Roman name for Morpheus; god of sleep and dreams; son of Hypnos
30
Fortuna
Roman name for Tyche; goddess of fortune and prosperity; daughter of Aphrodite; rudder, cornucopia
31
Charon
Ferryman of the Underworld; carries souls of newly deceased across the River Styx; son of Nyx; skiff
32
Chiron
Wisest and justest of the centaurs; great teacher of Greece; well versed in the art of medicine; taught Achilles
33
Trivia
Roman name for Hecate; goddess of witchcraft, ghosts, boundaries, and crossroads; mother of Circe; paired torches, keys, dogs, stropholos
34
Proserpina
Roman name for Persephone; goddess of spring; formerly named Kore; queen of the Underworld; daughter of Demeter and Zeus; pomegranate, flowers
35
Auster
Roman name for Notus; god of the South wind; destroyer of crops
36
Aquilo
Roman name for Boreas; god of the North wind; bringer of winter
37
Vulturnus
Roman name for Eurus; god of the East wind; "Savior of Sparta"
38
Favionus
Roman name for Zephyrus; god of the West wind; messenger of spring
39
Chione
Roman name for Khione; goddess of snow; daughter of Boreas
40
Arcus
Roman name for Iris; goddess of the rainbow; messenger of the gods; rainbow, caduceus, pitcher
41
Hercules
Roman name for Heracles; greatest of the Greek heroes; son of Zeus; 12 labors; club, lion skin
42
Faunus
Roman name for Pan; god of the wild; companion of the nymphs; pan flute, goat
43
Aesculapius
Roman name for Asclepius; god of medicine; son of Apollo; serpent-entwined staff
44
Juventas
Roman name for Hebe; goddess of youth and the prime of life; daughter of Zeus and Hera; wine-cup, eagle, ivy
45
Achilles
The hero of the Trojan War; central character of Homer's "Iliad"; son of Thetis and Peleus; greatest if all the Greek warriors; slayed Trojan prince Hector; killed by Paris/Apollo
46
Daedalus
Creator of the Labyrinth; father of Icarus; symbol of wisdom, knowledge, and power
47
Hector
Trojan prince; greatest fighter for Troy in the Trojan War; mistakenly killed Patroclus; killed by Achilles
48
Icarus
Son of Daedalus; flew too close to the son, melting the wax in his wings
49
Ulysses
Roman name for Odysseus; king of Ithaca; hero in Homer's epic "The Odyssey"; husband of Penelope; father of Telemachus; blinded Polyphemus; went to Ogygia
50
Jason
Captain of the Argonauts; was on the quest for the Golden Fleece; husband of Medea; great-grandson of Hermes
51
Orpheus
Musician, prophet, and poet; traveled with the Argonauts; went to the Underworld to recover his lost wife; married to Eurydice; son of Calliope; lyre
52
Perseus
Son of Zeus; slayer of Medusa; saved Andromeda; married to Andromeda; Medusa's head
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Andromeda
Wife of Perseus; princess of Aethiopia; saved by Perseus from the sea monster Cetus; married to Perseus
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Arachne
Protagonist in the Ovid; challenged Athena to a weaving contest; transformed into a spider by Athena
55
Cassandra
Cursed by Apollo to utter true prophecies, but never to be believed; sister of Hector
56
Helen of Troy
Said to have been the most beautiful woman in the world; daughter of Zeus; seduced by Paris, thus starting the Trojan War
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Medusa
Cursed by Athena; Gordon; her name means guardian or protectress; those who gazed into her eyes would turn to stone; beheaded by Perseus; mother of Pegasus
58
Pandora
First woman created by Hephaestus on the instructions of Zeus; released all the evils of humanity but only hope was left (Pandora's Box [jar called a pithos]); created as a punishment for Prometheus' actions
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Penelope
Wife of Odysseus; queen of Ithaca; mother of Telemachus
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Midas
Turned everything he touched into gold; king of Phrygia; Midas touch; greedy king
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Minos
King of Crete; son of Zeus and Europa; every nine years he made King Aegeus pick seven young boys and seven girls to be sent into the labyrinth to be eaten by the Minotaur; became a judge of the dead in the Underworld when he died
62
Calypso
A nymph who lived on the island of Phrygia; detained Odysseus for seven years; daughter of the Titan Atlas or Oceanus (unclear)
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Sisyphus
King of Ephyra; punished for cheating death twice by pushing a boulder up a hill in Tartarus and upon reaching the top, it would roll to the bottom and he'd have to start over again
64
Tantalus
Punished in Tartarus; made to stand in a pool of water beneath a fruit tree and the fruit would always elude his grasp and the water would always recede before eh could take a drink; son of Zeus
65
Prometheus
Titan god of fire; stole fire from Olympus and gave it to humanity; punished by Zeus; bound to a rock and an eagle ate his liver every day; freed by Heracles; son of Iapetus
66
Lucina
Roman name for Eileithyia; goddess of childbirth and midwifery; daughter of Zeus and Hera; torch
67
Libera
Roman name for Ariadne; Cretan princess; associated with mazes and labyrinths; helped Theseus escape the Minotaur; daughter of Minos
68
Circe
Goddess of sorcery; daughter of Helios or Hecate; turned Odysseus' army into swine
69
Patroclus
Companion or lover of Achilles; son of Menoetius; wore Achilles' armor and led the Myrmidons to battle; slain by Hector
70
Atlas
Titan god condemned to hold the heavens for eternity after the Titanomachy; son of Iapetus
71
Telemachus
Son of Odysseus and Penelope; follows his father's path searching; slaughters Penelope's suitors with Odysseus
72
Polyphemus
Cyclops blinded by Odysseus under the guise of 'Nobody'; son of Poseidon
73
Theseus
Founder-hero of Athens; slayer of the Minotaur
74
Chaos
Void state preceding the creation of the universe; first thing to exist; nothingness from which all of existence sprang
75
Caelus
Roman name for Uranus; primordial god of the sky and heavens; fathered the Titans
76
Scotus
roman name for Erebus; personification of darkness; son of Chaos, sibling of Nyx
77
Oceanus
Titan god of rivers; son of Uranus and Gaia; father of rivergods and Oceanids
78
Ops
Roman name for Rhea; the mother goddess; daughter of Uranus and Gaia; wife to Kronos; chariot, tambourine, crown, cornucopia
79
Iapetus
Titan of mortality; son of Uranus ad Gaia; in Tartarus with Kronos
80
Hyperion
Personification of the sun; son of Uranus and Gaia; father of Helios, Selene, and Eos
81
Aurora
Roman name for Eos; Personification of dawn; saffron, cloak, roses, tiara
82
Latona
Roman name for Leto; Goddess of childhood; mother of Apollo and Artemis; veil, dates
83
Metis
Helped Zeus free his siblings; mother of Athena
84
Pallas
Titan of warcraft; husband of Styx
85
Polybotes
Child of Gaia and Uranus; fought Poseidon during the Gigantomachy
86
Orion
Giant huntsman placed under the stars; featured in the 'Odyssey'
87
Geryon
Has either one body with three heads, or three bodies (unclear); herder of the red cattle
88
Laestrygonians
Tribe of man-eating giants; sprung from the Laestrygon; son of Poseidon; believed to inhabit Southeast Sicily
89
Typhon
One of the deadliest creatures in Greek mythology; attempted to overthrow Zeus and lost; buried underneath Mount Etna; monstrous serpentine giant
90
Formido/Metus
Roman name for Deimos; god of dread and terror; son of Ares and Aphrodite; brother of Phobos; represent the dread and terror felt before battle
91
Pavor/Terror
Roman names for Phobos; god of fear and panic; son og Ares and Aphroditel brother of Deimos; the fear brought by war
92
Zagreus
Worshipped by the followers of Orphism; the 'first Dionysus'; son of Zeus and Persephone; dismembered by the Titans and reborn
93
Salacia
Roman name for Amphitrite; goddess of the sea; queen of the sea; wife of Poseidon; daughter of Nereus or Oceanus, siblings of the Nereids or Oceanids; trident, dolphin, seal
94
Delphin
leader of the dolphins; placed in the sky by Poseidon as the constellation Delphinus
95
Thetis
Mother of Achilles; sea nymph; daughter of Nereus; sibling of the Nereids
96
Triton
Sea god; son of Poseidon and Amphitrite; merman; aided the Argonauts; possessed a conch shell he blew like a trumpet
97
Aeolus
son of Hippotes; ruler of winds encountered by Odysseus; king of the island Aeolia
98
Daphne
Naiad; unwilling subject of Apollo's infatuations who was cursed by Eros
99
Minthe
Underworld naiad nymph; beloved by Hades, his mistress; transformed into mint plant by either Persephone or Demeter
100
Echo
Possible daughter of Uranus; cursed by Hera (Zeus made her protect him) to only speak the last words spoken to her; fell in love with Narcissus but was unable to share her feelings
101
Satyr
Often depicted as half human half goat; lost much of their characteristic obscenity; also called fauns or silenos
102
Muses
Inspirational goddesses of literature, science, and the arts; Boeotian muses are Melete, Aoede, and Mneme; Nine Olympian muses are Calliope, Clio, Erato, Euterpe, Melpomene, Polyhymnia, Terpsichore, Thalia, and Urania
103
Diomedes
Hero for his participation in the Trojan war; king of Argos
104
Briseis
The heart of the dispute between Achilles and Agamemnon; significant character in the Iliad; also known as Hippodameia
105
Danae
Mother of Perseus by Zeus; Argive princess; founded the city of Ardea
106
Electra
One of the most popular characters in tragedies; daughter of Agamemnon and Queen Clytemnestra
107
Europa
Argive princess; mother of King Minos; raped by Zeus when he was a bull mixed with her father's herds
108
Agamemnon
king of Mycenae; commanded Greeks during the Trojan war; killed upon his return to Troy
109
Laertes
king of the Cephallenians; Argonaut; father of Odysseus
110
Menelaus
king of Sparta; central figure in the Trojan war; husband of Helen of Troy
111
Nestor
king of Pylos; prominent secondary character in the Iliad and the Odyssey; Argonaut
112
Peleus
king of Phthia; husband of Thetis; father of Achilles
113
Hyacinth
Divine hero of Sparta; lover of Apollo; killed accidentally by a discus thrown by Apollo; also called Hyacinthus
114
Adonis
Mortal lover of Aphrodite; gored by a wild boar and died in Aphrodite's arms; his blood mingled with her tears forming the anemone flower; anemones, lettuce, fennel, fast-growing plants
115
Oedipus
In myth, a prophecy said any son of Laius would kill him; gave away his newborn son (abandoned); Oedipus discovered the prophecy and left for Thebes; ended up unknowingly killing his father and ridding Thebes if their sphinx (4 feet in morning, 2 in afternoon, 3 at night riddle) and becoming king to marry his mother (unknowingly); had fur children; plague of infertility struck Thebes; Oedipus tried to find wife's late husband's killer; warned he might have killed him; discovered he killed his father and married his mother; Jocasta (the queen) killed herself and Oedipus, in shame, blinded himself
116
Pythia
High priestess of the Temple of Apollo at Delphi; also the Oracle of Delphi
117
Narcissus
Known for his beauty; rejected all romantic advances; fell in love with his own reflection in a pool of water; died staring and in his place a Narcissus flower sprouted; daffodil
118
Titans
Pre-Olympian gods; twelve children of the primordial parents Uranus and Gaia: Oceanus, Coeus, Crius, Hyperion, Iapetus, Cronus, Theia, rhea, Themis, Mnemosyne, Phoebe, Tethys; children pf Cronus are Zeus, Poseidon, Hades, Hera, Hestia, Demeter, and Chiron; children of Oceanus are oceanids and {otamoi; children of Hyperion are Helios, Selene, and Eos; children of Coeus are Leto and Asteria; children of Iapetus ate Atlas, Menoetius, Prometheus, and Epimetheus; children of Crius are Astraeus, Pallas, and Perses
119
Nine Muses
Calliope: epic poetry; mothered Orpheus; lyre
Clio: history; mothered Hyacinthus; scrolls and books
Euterpe: flutes and music; double flute
Thalia: comedy and pastoral poetry
Melpomene: tragedy; mothered the Sirens; tragic mask
Terpsichore: dance; lyre and plectrum
Erato: love poetry and lyric poetry; lyre and kithara
Polyhymnia: hymns and sacred poetry
Urania: astronomy; mothered Linus and Hymen; globe
