Grmmar 7-9

Question 1

ZERO CONDITIONAL

Answer 1

If clause (Present Simple) + Main clause
(Present simple)
To describe situations that are always true

Question 2

FIRST CONDITIONAL

Answer 2

If clause (Present tense) + Main clause (will, can,
could, may, might) + bare infinitive
Usage: To talk about things that are likely to happen in
the future if a condition is met.

Question 3

SECOND CONDITIONAL

Answer 3

If clause (Past tense) + Main clause (would, could,
might) + bare infinitive
Usage: For imaginary or unlikely situations—that
probably won’t happen but we like to imagine them

Question 4

THIRD CONDITIONAL

Answer 4

If clause (Past perfect) + Main clause (would, could,
might) + have + V3
Usage: to talk about regrets or things you wish

Question 5

MIXED CONDITIONAL

Answer 5

If clause (Past perfect) + Main clause
(would) + bare infinitive
Usage: to show how a past event affects the
present

Question 6

CONDITIONALS WITHOUT IF

Answer 6

We can use a number of phrases to express
conditions without using if
We can use unless in first and second conditional
sentence. It means the same as “if not”
3. We can use otherwise to replace an if clause. It
means “if not”
We can use supposing in all conditional sentences.
The main clause is usually a question. It means
We can also use infinitive structure to replace an ‘if’
clause
We can also use ‘should’ to replace an ‘if’ clause:

Question 7

WISH

Answer 7

Structure: wish + past tense
For wishes about the present/future:

Question 8

IF ONLY

Answer 8

if only + past perfect
For regrets about the past:

Question 9

INVERSION FOR EMPHASIS

Answer 9

Usage: use inversion to add emphasis or make
statements sound more dramatic and formal

Question 10

Relative Clauses

Answer 10

A type of subordinate clause, serves to modify a noun or noun
phrase. It provides essential information that defines or identifies
the person or thing under discussion.

Question 11

Defining Relative Clauses

Answer 11

Provide essential information about the subject or object

In writing, no commas are used

In the examples, the relative clauses are in bold, and the person
or thing being referred to is underlined:

Question 12

Non-Defining Relative Clauses

Answer 12

Add extra information that isn’t really essential to understand
the meaning of the main clause

Use commas to separate the clause