Gross Anatomy, Cranial and Spine

Question 1

According to Brodmann’s map of the cytoarchitectonic fields of the human brain, which of the following is Broca’s area (motor speech area)?
A. 41
B. 42
C. 43
D. 44
E. 45

Answer 1

D. 44

Question 2

According to Brodmann’s map of the cytoarchitectonic fields of the human brain, which of the following is Wernicke’s area?
A. 40
B. 41
C. 42
D. 43
E. 44

Answer 2

A. 40

Question 3

Which of the following Brodmann’s area is the precentral gyrus, the primary motor cortex consisting of a large concentration of giant pyramidal cells of Betz?
A. 4
B. 6
C. 8
D. 10
E. 12

Answer 3

A. 4

Question 4

The junction of lambdoid, occipitomastoid, and parietomastoid sutures is:
A. Nasion
B. Glabella
C. Stephanion
D. Asterion
E. Lambda

Answer 4

D. Asterion

Question 5

The junction of coronal suture and superior temporal line is also labeled as:
A. Nasion
B. Glabella
C. Stephanion
D. Asterion
E. Lambda

Answer 5

C. Stephanion

Question 6

Taylor-Haughton (T-H) lines can be constructed on an angiogram, CT/MRI scout film, or skull X-ray. They can be constructed on the patient in the OR based on visible external landmarks. A line from inferior margin of orbit through the upper margin of the external auditory meatus (EAM) is:
A. Frankfurt plane
B. Reid’s baseline
C. Condylar line
D. Sylvian fissure line
E. Central sulcal line

Answer 6

A. Frankfurt plane

Question 7

Numerous methods utilize external landmarks to locate the motor strip (pre-central gyrus) or the central sulcus (Rolandic
fissure) which separates motor strip anteriorly from primary sensory cortex posteriorly. About how far the motor strip usually lies behind the coronal suture?
A. 3 cm
B. 5 cm
C. 8 cm
D. 10 cm
E. Lies anterior to coronal suture

Answer 7

B. 5 cm

Question 8

For non-hydrocephalic ventricles, what is the average length
of third ventricles?
A. 0.6 cm
B. 1.2 cm
C. 2.8 cm
D. 4 cm
E. 5 cm

Answer 8

C. 2.8 cm

Question 8

To access the potential recipient vessels in the angular gyrus for EC/IC bypass surgery, a 4 cm craniotomy should be performed, and it should be centered around:
A. Reid’s line
B. Condylar line
C. Chater’s point
D. Mastoid notch
E. Zygomatic arch

Answer 8

C. Chater’s point

Question 9

Regarding estimates of spinal levels for spine surgery, at
what level is the inferior scapular pole posteriorly?
A. C6
B. T2
C. T4
D. T6
E. T10

Answer 9

D. T6

Question 10

Regarding cranial foramina and their contents, middle meningeal artery and vein pass through which of the following?
● A. Cribriform plate
● B. Optic canal
● C. Foramen rotundum
● D. Foramen ovale
● E. Foramen spinosum

Answer 10

E. Foramen spinosum

Question 10

Regarding estimates of spinal levels for spine surgery, at what level is the carotid tubercle anteriorly?
A. C6
B. T2
C. T4
D. T6
E. T10

Answer 10

A. C6

Question 11

Which of the following is not a content of porus acusticus?
● A. Facial nerve
● B. Nervus intermedius
● C. Acoustic portion of vestibulocochlear nerve
● D. Superior branch of vestibular nerve
● E. Glossopharyngeal nerve

Answer 11

E. Glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 11

What is the average length of frontal horn anterior to foramen of Monro?
● A. 1 cm
● B. 1.5 cm
● C. 2.5 cm
● D. 4 cm
● E. 5 cm

Answer 11

C. 2.5 cm

Question 12

What is the average length of the fourth ventricle at the level of fastigium?
● A. 0.8 cm
● B. 1.4 cm
● C. 2.2 cm
● D. 2.5 cm
● E. 3 cm

Answer 12

B. 1.4 cm

Question 13

Regarding the vascular supply of internal capsule, all of the retrolenticular part including optic radiation and ventral part
of posterior limb of internal capsule are supplied by which of the following?
● A. Anterior choroidal artery
● B. Lateral striate branches
● C. Direct distal branches of internal carotid artery
● D. Terminal branches of middle meningeal artery
● E. Paramedian artery

Answer 13

A. Anterior choroidal artery

Question 14

What are the most important structures in maintaining atlantooccipital stability, without which the remaining cruciate ligament and apical dentate ligament are insufficient?
● A. Tectorial membrane and alar ligament
● B. Descending bands of cruciate ligament
● C. Ascending bands of cruciate ligaments
● D. Anterior and posterior atlantal ligaments
● E. Anterior and posterior atlantooccipital membranes

Answer 14

A. Tectorial membrane and alar ligament

Question 15

Flexor muscle tone is a function of which descending motor tracts of spinal cord?
● A. Anterior corticospinal tracts
● B. Lateral corticospinal tracts
● C. Rubrospinal tract
● D. Vestibulospinal tracts
● E. Medullary reticulospinal tracts

Answer 15

C. Rubrospinal tract

Question 16

Sensory pain and temperature are the function of which ascending tract?
● A. Fasciculus gracilis
● B. Posterior spinocerebellar tract
● C. Anterior spinocerebellar tract
● D. Anterior spinothalamic tract
● E. Lateral spinothalamic tract

Answer 16

E. Lateral spinothalamic tract

Question 17

The receptors for pain and temperature are probably free nerve endings. The 1st order neurons enter the cord at dorsolateral tract (zone of Lissauer) and synapse in substantia gelatinosa that is equivalent to which Rexed lamina?
● A. I
● B. II
● C. III
● D. IV
● E. V

Answer 17

B. II

Question 18

Brodmann’s area 44 in dominant hemisphere (motor speech area) is known as what?
● A. Wernicke’s area
● B. Angular gyrus area
● C. Supramarginal area
● D. Broca’s area
● E. Frontal eye field area

Answer 18

D. Broca’s area

Question 19

The most prominent paired grooves on CT or MRI of brain which is posterior to the widest biparietal diameter in midline is known as what?
● A. Pars opercularis
● B. Pars triangularis
● C. Pars orbitalis
● D. Pars marginalis
● E. Pars terminalis

Answer 19

D. Pars marginalis

Question 20

What is the significance of Wernicke’s area in dominant hemisphere which comprises Brodmann’s area 40 and 39?
● A. Motor speech
● B. Voluntary eye movements
● C. Speech and language
● D. Auditory function
● E. Visual function

Answer 20

C. Speech and language

Question 21

The line connecting anterior commissure and posterior commissure (AC–PC line) has following characteristics except?
● A. It is used as baseline for axial MRI of brain
● B. It is used in functional neurosurgery
● C. Orbitomeatal line is 9 degrees steeper than the AC–PC line
● D. AC and PC are white matter tracts that help identify this line
● E. It is also called as Frankfurt’s plane

Answer 21

E. It is also called as Frankfurt’s plane

Question 22

Homunculus is somatotopic organization of sensory and motor cortex on the brain representing which of the following? ● A. Arm and face are represented on upper medial surface ● B. Foot and leg are represented on convexity of brain ● C. Arm and face are represented by the convexity of brain ● D. Foot and leg are represented on upper medial surface ● E. Both C and D

Answer 22

E. Both C and D

Question 23

Where is the central sulcus located at interhemispheric fissure? ● A. Anterior to pars marginalis ● B. Lateral to pars marginalis ● C. Posterior to pars marginalis ● D. Medial to pars marginalis ● E. Above pars marginalis

Answer 23

A. Anterior to pars marginalis

Question 24

All of the following landmarks do not match the level of spine except? ● A. Scapular spine—T2, T3 ● B. Inferior scapular pole—T6 ● C. Intercristal line—L4–L5 disk space ● D. Thyroid cartilage—C4, C5 ● E. Hyoid bone—C6, C7

Answer 24

E. Hyoid bone—C6, C7

Question 24

Pterion, which is located two finger breaths above zygomatic arch, is meeting point of what? ● A. Lambdoid, occipitomastoid, and parietomastoid sutures ● B. Coronal suture and superior temporal line ● C. Frontal, temporal, parietal, and sphenoid bones ● D. Frontal, temporal, zygomatic, and sphenoid bones ● E. Coronal suture and sagittal suture

Answer 24

C. Frontal, temporal, parietal, and sphe- noid bones

Question 25

The point over skull which is used for external and internal carotid bypass craniotomy is called as what? ● A. Keen's point ● B. Taylor Huhgton point ● C. Stephanion ● D. Chater's point ● E. None of the above

Answer 25

D. Chater's point

Question 26

Which is the strongest ligament in the spine which attaches to medial tubercles of C1 and traps dens against C1? ● A. Transverse atlantal ligament (TAL) ● B. Ascending band of cruciate ligament ● C. Alar ligament ● D. Tectorial membrane ● E. Descending band of cruciate ligament

Answer 26

A. Transverse atlantal ligament (TAL)

Question 27

Vertical crest (Bill's bar) separates the internal auditory meatus into which of the following? ● A. Cochlear area anteriorly and vestibular area posteriorly ● B. Facial canal anteriorly and vestibular area posteriorly ● C. Facial canal posteriorly and vestibular area anteriorly ● D. Superior vestibular area, facial canal superiorly and inferior vestibular area, cochlear area inferiorly ● E. Both B and D

Answer 27

B. Facial canal anteriorly and vestibular area posteriorly

Question 28

Fine touch, deep pressure, and proprioception sensations are carried from the body to the brain through which spinal cord tract? ● A. Lateral spinothalamic tract ● B. Posterior spinothalamic tract ● C. Fasciculus gracilis ● D. Fasciculus cuneatus ● E. B, C, and D

Answer 28

E. B, C, and D