Group 1 Alkaline metal

Question 1

Alkaline metal + water ->

Answer 1

Metal hydroxide + hydrogen

Question 2

Lithium
Observation with water
Cut?

Answer 2

Effervescence/fizzes
Metal dissapear
Floats
Move around
Heat produced - steam (exothermic reaction)

Indicator turns purple

Hardest to cut out of the alkaline metals
Shiny when cut and becomes dull as it oxidised

Question 3

Sodium

Answer 3

Melts into a white ball and leaves a white trail
More vigorious reaction than lithium

Effervescence/fizzes
Metal dissapear
Floats
Move around
Heat produced - steam (exothermic reaction)

Question 4

Potassium

Answer 4

Lilac flame produced

Effervescence/fizzes
Metal dissapear
Floats
Move around
Heat produced - steam (exothermic reaction)

Indicator turns purple

Easiest to cut fastest to become dull

Question 5

Safety when reacting group 1 with water

Answer 5

Use small bit of the metal,
Safety screen, 
goggles, 
gloves, 
store in oil to prevent water contact, 
Use large trough with thick glass so it doesnt burst - use large amount of water in large container so energy can be dissapated

Question 6

Why it gets more reactive moving down group 1

Answer 6

Larger atomic radius

More shells and more shielding

Outer electron has weaker attraction to nucleus (nuclear attraction)

Less energy needed to lose an electron

Shielding outweights the increase nuclear charge (more proton)

Question 7

Reaction with halogen

Answer 7

White

Question 8

With oxygen

Answer 8

White smoke,

Question 9

Why melting point decreases going down the group

Answer 9

Atom get larger, attraction between possitive metal ions and sea of delocaised electrons are weaker