Group 1 And 2 Flashcards
What are group 1 called?
Alkali metals
What are group 2 called?
Alkaline earth metals
What are the ionisation trends of group 1 and 2?
Both decrease down the group, due to increased atomic radius and shielding
What are the trends in melting and boiling points for group 1 and 2, and are there anomalies?
Both decrease going down the group, excluding Mg in group 2- due to lather atomic/ionic radius and shielding
What are the trends in reactivity of group 1 and 2?
Both increase in reactivity going down the group
Which group is more reactive, group 1 or group 2?
Group 1
What block of the periodic table are group 1 and 2 in?
S block- they are S block elements
Group 2 + water —>…
What element is exempt from this and what does it produce
Group 2 hydroxide + hydrogen gas
Magnesium is exempt; the water must be steam and it produces an oxide
It forms MgO + hydrogen gas
Group 2 + oxygen —>…
Group 2 oxide
Group 2 + chlorine—>
Group 2 chloride
Group 2- trends in the solubility of sulfates, carbonates, and hydroxides
Sulfates- solubility decreases down the group
Carbonates- solubility decreases down the group
Hydroxides- solubility increases down the group
Carbonates + acids —>
Salt + Carbon dioxide + water
Group 2 oxide + water —>…
Metal hydroxide
Group 2 oxides + acid —>…
Salt + water
Group 2 hydroxides + acid —>
Salt + water
Group 2 carbonate + acid —>
Salt + water + carbon dioxide
Uses of group 2 in real life?
Used for indigestion (Calcium hydroxide)
Used in farming (Magnesium hydroxide)
Used in X-rays (Barium sulfate)
Mild latitudes (Magnesium sulfate)
What causes distortion in an ion?
- The cation charge- the higher the charge the more distortion
- The charge density (how big the ion is)- the smaller the ion the more distortion
Define thermal decomposition
Use of heat to break down a reactant into more than one product
What happens when you thermally decompose group 1 carbonates? Which element reacts differently?
Group 1 carbonates do not thermally decompose due to the lack of distortion of the group 1 ions (only a +1 charge, and a large radius)
Lithium decomposes as a group 2 carbonate does
What happens when you thermally decompose group 2 carbonates?
Forms an oxide and carbon dioxide- as group 2 is less stable than group 1
What happens when you thermally decompose group 1 nitrates? Which element is exempt?
Forms a nitrite and oxygen
Aside from lithium which reacts as a group 2 nitrate does
What happens when you thermally decompose group 2 nitrates?
Forms an oxide + nitrogen dioxide + oxygen
How do you work out which carbonate or nitrate is the most stable?
The time it takes for the products to form- the longer it takes for products to form, the more stable the reactant is
Time taken for carbonate to produce CO2 (limewater)
Time taken for the nitrate to form oxygen
(Relight a glowing splint)
