Group 15 Flashcards
(44 cards)
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Reaction of Cu(OH)₂ with NH₄OH
Cu(OH)₂ + (NH₄)₂SO₄ + 2NH₄OH → [Cu(NH₃)₄]SO₄ + 4H₂O
Forms deep blue tetraammine copper(II) complex.
Reaction of Cd(OH)₂ with NH₄OH
CdSO₄ + 4NH₄OH → [Cd(NH₃)₄]SO₄ + 4H₂O
Forms colorless complex.
Reaction of AgCl with NH₄OH
AgCl + 2NH₄OH → [Ag(NH₃)₂]Cl + 2H₂O
Forms soluble diamine silver(I) complex.
Reaction of Zn(OH)₂ with NH₄OH
ZnSO₄ + 4NH₄OH → [Zn(NH₃)₄]SO₄ + 4H₂O
Forms soluble complex.
Reaction of Hg₂Cl₂ with NH₄OH
Hg₂Cl₂ + 2NH₄OH → Hg + HgNH₂Cl + NH₄Cl + 2H₂O
Forms grey precipitate of Hg and mercurous amido chloride.
Reaction of HgCl₂ with NH₄OH
HgCl₂ + 2NH₄OH → HgNH₂Cl + NH₄Cl + 2H₂O
Forms white precipitate of mercuric amido chloride.
Nessler’s Test for Ammonia
2K₂HgI₄ + NH₃ + 3KOH → HgO·Hg(NH₂)I + 7KI + 2H₂O
Brown ppt confirms ammonia presence.
NH₃ Reaction with CO₂
2NH₃ + CO₂ + H₂O → (NH₄)₂CO₃
Or under pressure: NH₃ + CO₂ → NH₂COONH₄
NH₃ Reaction with HCl
NH₃ + HCl → NH₄Cl
Forms ammonium chloride.
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3CuO + 2NH3 →
3Cu + N2 + 3H2O (CuO oxidizes NH3 to N2)
3PbO + 2NH3 →
3Pb + N2 + 3H2O (PbO oxidizes NH3 to N2)
2NH3 + 3Cl2 →
N2 + 6HCl (Cl2 oxidizes NH3 to N2)
6NH3 + 6HCl →
6NH4Cl (NH3 reacts with HCl)
NH3 + 3Cl2 →
NCl3 + 3HCl (Explosive nitrogen trichloride formed)
2NH3 + 3I2 →
NH3·NI3 + 3HI (Ammoniated nitrogen iodide)
2NH3 + 3NaClO →
N2 + 3NaCl + 3H2O (Oxidation by hypochlorites)
3CaOCl2 + 2NH3 →
3CaCl2 + N2 + 3H2O (Reaction with bleaching powder)
4NH3 + 5O2 (Pt catalyst) →
4NO + 6H2O (Ostwald’s process)
2Na + 2NH3 →
2NaNH2 + H2 (Sodamide formation)
FeCl3 + 3NH4OH →
Fe(OH)3 + 3NH4Cl (Brown ppt.)
AlCl3 + 3NH4OH →
Al(OH)3 + 3NH4Cl (White ppt.)
CrCl3 + 3NH4OH →
Cr(OH)3 + 3NH4Cl (Grey-green ppt.)
