Group 2

Question 1

What is group 2 also known as

Answer 1

Alkaline earth metals

Question 2

What are the metals in group 2

Answer 2

Mg
Ca
Sr
Ba

Question 3

What happens when magnesium reacts in water (steam)

Answer 3

Faster reaction
Extra energy
Magnesium oxide and hydrogen gas is produced

Question 4

What happens when magnesium reacts in water(cold water)

Answer 4

Slower reaction
Magnesium hydroxide and hydrogen gas is produced

Question 5

What is the solubility of group 2 metals in hydroxides

Answer 5

As you go down group 2 the more soluble it is

Question 6

What is the least soluble group 2 hydroxide

Answer 6

Magnesium hydroxide which produces a white precipitate as it is insoluble

Question 7

What is the most soluble group 2 hydroxide

Answer 7

Barium hydroxide as it is sparingly soluble

Question 8

What is the solubility of group 2 in Sulfates

Answer 8

As you go down group 2 it becomes less soluble

Question 9

What is the least soluble group 2 sulfates

Answer 9

Barium sulfate white precipitate as it is insoluble

Question 10

What is the most soluble group 2 sulfate

Answer 10

Magnesium sulfate sparingly soluble

Question 11

What is barium sulfate used for

Answer 11

Known as barium meal
Absorb x-rays as barium sulfate is insoluble so can be absorbed

Question 12

What is magnesium hydroxide used for

Answer 12

Known as milk of magnesium /magnesia
Indigestion
Heartburn

Question 13

What is calcium hydroxide used for

Answer 13

Neutralise acidic soil in agriculture

Question 14

What is magnesium used for (extraction)

Answer 14

The extraction of titanium from titanium chloride
2Mg + TiCl4. ➡️ 2MgCl2 + Ti

Question 15

Why is this extraction process costly

Answer 15

Equipment is expensive
Magnesium is expensive
High temperature used 1000 degrees
Batch process

Question 16

Formula for hydroxides

Answer 16

Mg + 2H2O ➡️ Mg(OH)2 + H2

Question 17

What is observed when magnesium is put in water

Answer 17

White flame
White powder

Question 18

Formula for sulfates

Answer 18

Ba + H2SO4 ➡️ BaSO4 ➕H2

Question 19

Ionic equation for barium sulfate

Answer 19

Ba2+ ➕. SO4(2-). ➡️BaSO4

Question 20

Why is barium chloride acidified (test for sulfates)

Answer 20

The acid (HCL) reacts the carbonate impurities completely so a false positive result doesn’t happen

Question 21

Why is sulphuric acid not used to test for sulfate ions (test for sulfate ions)

Answer 21

As sulphuric acid already contains sulfate ions so it would be a false positive result

Question 22

What is observed when barium chloride reacts to form barium sulfate (test for sulfate ions)

Answer 22

White precipitate when sulfate ions are present

Question 23

Use of calcium carbonate / calcium oxide

Answer 23

To remove flue gas from sulphur oxide

Question 24

What happens are you go down group 2 in terms of atomic radius

Answer 24

Increases
Number of shells increase ,more shielding

Question 25

What happens as you go down group 2 in terms of reactivity

Answer 25

Increases
Increase in shielding ,easier to lose electrons from the outermost shell

Question 26

What happens as you go down group 2 in terms of melting point and boiling point

Answer 26

Decreases
Larger the ion,weaker force of electrostatic attraction between the nucleus and outer shell electrons
Greater distance to act on

Question 27

What happens as you go down group 2 in terms of ionisation energy

Answer 27

Decreases
Increase in number of shells,more shielding
Decrease in nuclear charge
Weaker force of attraction between the positive nucleus and outer shell electron

Question 28

Ionic equation for magnesium hydroxide

Answer 28

Mg(2+) ➕ 2OH(-). ➡️ Mg(OH)2