group 2

Question 1

what is group 2 known as?

Answer 1

the alkali earth metals

Question 2

in all of their reactions, the group 2 metals are

Answer 2

oxidised

Question 3

what happens when group 2 metals react with water?

Answer 3

● metal is oxidised

● hydrogen is reduced

Question 4

what are the observations when Be reacts with water?

Answer 4

unreactive with water and steam

Question 5

what is the equation for Be reacting with water?

Answer 5

x

Question 6

what are the observation when Mg reacts with water?

Answer 6

● very slow reaction with water

● faster with steam

Question 7

what is the equation for Mg reacting with water and stream?

Answer 7

● water: Mg(s) + 2H2O(l) -> Mg(OH)2(aq) + H2(g)

● steam: Mg(s) + H2O(g) -> MgO(s) + H2(g)

Question 8

what are the observations when Ca reacts with water?

Answer 8

● fizzing / effervescence

● when in cold water

Question 9

what is the equation for Ca reacting with water?

Answer 9

Ca(s) + 2H2O(l) -> Ca(OH)2(s) + H2(g)

Question 10

what are the observations when Sr reacts with water?

Answer 10

● reacts vigorously

● with cold water

Question 11

what is the equation for Sr reacting with water?

Answer 11

Sr(s) + 2H2O(l) -> Sr(OH)2(s) + H2(g)

Question 12

what are the observations when Ba reacts with water?

Answer 12

● reacts more vigorously

● with cold water

Question 13

what are the observations when Ba reacts with water?

Answer 13

Ba(s) + 2H2O(l) -> Ba(OH)2(aq) + H2(g)

Question 14

how are group 2 hydroxide formed?

Answer 14

when group 2 reacts with water

Question 15

what is the solubility of Mg(OH)2?

Answer 15

● insoluble

● equation: Mg(OH)2(s) -> almost insoluble

● white ppt

Question 16

what is the solubility of Ca(OH)2?

Answer 16

● slightly soluble

● equation: Ca(OH)2 (s) -> Ca2+ (aq) +2OH-(aq)

● cloudy

Question 17

what is the solubility of Sr(OH)2?

Answer 17

● soluble

● equation: Sr(OH)2 (s) -> Sr2+ (aq) + 2OH-(aq)

● colourless

Question 18

what is the solubility of Ba(OH)2?

Answer 18

● soluble

● equation: Ba(OH)2(s) -> Ba2+ (aq) + 2OH-(aq)

● colourless

Question 19

what is the trend in solubility down group 2 hydroxides?

Answer 19

increases

Question 20

what is the trend in colour down group 2 hydroxides?

Answer 20

white to colourless

Question 21

how are group 2 sulfates formed?

Answer 21

when group 2 metal reacts with sulfate ions (e.g. sulfuric acid)

Question 22

what is the solubility of MgSO4?

Answer 22

● soluble

● equation: x

● colourless

Question 23

what is the solubility of CaSO4?

Answer 23

● slightly soluble

● equation: Ca2+ (aq) + SO42-(aq) -> CaSO4 (s)

● cloudy

Question 24

what is the solubility of SrSO4?

Answer 24

● insoluble

● equation: Sr2+ (aq) + SO42- (aq) -> SrSO4(s)

● white precipitate

Question 25

what is the solubility of BaSO4?

Answer 25

● insoluble ● equation: Ba2+ (aq) + SO42- (aq) -> BaSO4(s) ● white precipitate

Question 26

what is the trend in solubility down group 2 sulfates?

Answer 26

decreases

Question 27

what is the trend in colour down group 2 sulfates?

Answer 27

colourless to white

Question 28

what

Question 29

explain extraction of Ti

Answer 29

● strong, low density, high melting point ● used in aerospace industry and replacement hip joints ● abundant but difficult to extract ● metals are typically extracted by: metal oxide + carbon -> metal + carbon dioxide ● however, method produces titanium carbide which is very brittle so different method must be used ● 1. titanium oxide is reacted with chlorine and carbon TiO2 + 2Cl2 + 2C -> TiCl4 + 2CO ● 2. titanium chloride is reduced using magnesium TiCl4 + 2Mg -> 2MgCl2 + Ti

Question 30

explain milk of magnesia

Answer 30

● Mg(OH)2 ● indigestion remedy ● neutralises excess stomach acid

Question 31

explain calcium hydroxide

Answer 31

● slaked lime ● treats acidic soil

Question 32

explain barium sulfate

Answer 32

● insoluble ● barium metal -> outlines gut in medical x-rays ● barium is toxic but due to being an insoluble compound it is safe