Group 2 Flashcards
(37 cards)
What ions do Group 2 elements form when they react?
Group 2 elements form +2 ions when they react.
How do Group 2 elements achieve a +2 charge?
They lose 2 electrons to form t2 ions.
What is the electron configuration ending for Group 2 elements?
All Group 2 elements have electron configurations that end in s.
What happens to the atomic radius as we go down Group 2?
The atomic radius increases as we go down Group 2.
What trend occurs in ionization energy as we go down Group 2?
Ionization energy decreases as we go down Group 2.
Why does ionization energy decrease down Group 2?
Extra shells are added down Group 2, leading to more shielding and weaker attraction between the nucleus and outer electrons.
What is the trend in melting points as we go down Group 2?
Melting points generally decrease as we go down the group.
What type of structure do Group 2 elements form?
Group 2 elements form metallic structures with positive metal ions attracted to a delocalized sea of electrons.
What happens to the size of metal ions as we go down Group 2?
The size of metal ions increases as we go down the group.
What remains constant as we go down Group 2 despite the increase in ion size?
The number of delocalized electrons stays the same.
How does the size of metal ions affect the attractive force in Group 2?
Larger ions increase the distance between the positive nucleus in metal cations and delocalized electrons, weakening the attractive force.
What is the effect of weaker attractive forces on melting points?
It becomes easier to break the bonds, requiring less energy, resulting in lower melting points.
What do Group 2 elements react with to form bases?
Group 2 elements react with water to form bases.
What do Group 2 elements form when they react with water?
They form metal hydroxides.
How does reactivity change in Group 2 elements?
Reactivity increases with water, down the group.
What happens to atoms in Group 2 as you go down the group?
Atoms get larger, electrons are further from the nucleus.
What makes it easier to remove electrons in Group 2 elements?
Larger atoms, more shielding make it easier to remove electrons.
How does magnesium react with steam?
Mg reacts with steam to produce magnesium oxide.
How does solubility of Group 2 hydroxides and sulfates change down the group?
They have opposite solubility as we go down the group.
What happens to solubility if the anion has a double charge?
It becomes less soluble down the group.
What happens to solubility if the anion has a single charge?
It becomes more soluble as we go down the group.
What test is used for sulfates?
We use Barium chloride.
What is the first step in testing for sulfates?
Add HCl to remove any carbonates.
What is the second step in testing for sulfates?
Add Barium Chloride.
