group 2 - the alkaline earth metals

Question 1

What are alkaline earth metals known for?

Answer 1

Their oxides and hydroxides are alkaline.

Question 2

In which block of the periodic table are alkaline earth metals found?

Answer 2

s-block.

Question 3

How do alkaline earth metals compare in reactivity to group 1 metals?

Answer 3

They are less reactive.

Question 4

How many electrons do alkaline earth metals need to lose to achieve a full outer shell?

Answer 4

2 electrons.

Question 5

What type of ions do alkaline earth metals form?

Answer 5

2+ ions.

Question 6

What is the structure of alkaline earth metals?

Answer 6

Giant metallic lattices.

Question 7

What is the trend in atomic radius down group 2?

Answer 7

Increases down the group.

Question 8

What happens to the first ionisation energy as you move down group 2?

Answer 8

Decreases down the group.

Question 9

What causes the decrease in first ionisation energy down group 2?

Answer 9

Increased distance of outer electrons from the nucleus and increased shielding.

Question 10

What is the trend in melting and boiling points down group 2?

Answer 10

Generally decreases down the group, ignoring Mg.

Question 11

What is the reason for magnesium having the lowest melting point in group 2?

Answer 11

The crystal structure changes.

Question 12

What is the trend in density down group 2?

Answer 12

Increases down the group.

Question 13

What is the relationship between mass and atomic radius in group 2?

Answer 13

Mass increases at a faster rate than the radius.

Question 14

What is the trend in reactivity down group 2?

Answer 14

Increases down the group.

Question 15

What happens in the general reaction of a group 2 metal with water?

Answer 15

Metal + Water → Metal Hydroxide + Hydrogen.

Question 16

What type of reactions occur when group 2 metals react with water?

Answer 16

Redox reactions.

Question 17

What is produced when magnesium reacts with steam?

Answer 17

Alkaline oxide and hydrogen.

Question 18

Fill in the blank: Magnesium reacts very ______ with liquid cold water.

Answer 18

slowly.

Question 19

What do hydroxides form when a metal reacts with water?

Answer 19

White solids, some of which are soluble.

Question 20

What is the trend in solubility of hydroxides down group 2?

Answer 20

More soluble down the group.

Question 21

What happens to the strength of the base as you go down group 2?

Answer 21

Strength of the base increases.

Question 22

Which hydroxide is the least soluble in water?

Answer 22

Mg(OH)2.

Question 23

What is the use of Mg(OH)2?

Answer 23

An antacid.

Question 24

Which sulfate is insoluble in water?

Answer 24

BaSO4.

Question 25

What is the trend in solubility of sulfates down group 2?

Answer 25

Less soluble down the group.

Question 26

What is barium sulfate used for?

Answer 26

As a medical tracer for imaging internal organs.

Question 27

Which reagent is used to test for sulfates?

Answer 27

BaCl2.

Question 28

What does the reaction between BaCl2 and sulfate ions produce?

Answer 28

Insoluble barium sulfate (white precipitate).

Question 29

What is the function of magnesium in the extraction of titanium?

Answer 29

Reduces titanium chloride in a displacement reaction.

Question 30

What is used for flue gas desulfurization?

Answer 30

Calcium oxide or calcium carbonate.

Question 31

What is produced when sulfur dioxide reacts with calcium oxide?

Answer 31

Calcium sulfite.