Group and individual behaviour Flashcards
(23 cards)
Democracy
Where everyone gets a say and leaders are vote into power.
Authoritarian
Authoritarian – A form of governing that values order and control over personal freedom.
Laissez-faire
It is simply described as “let people do what they want,” it allows to be free to a point without the government.
The Stanford Prison experiment
The Stanford prison experiment was conducted in 1971 by Philip Zimbardo of Stanford University, it was a study into the human reaction of being put in captivity (in this case, being put in prison), it also looked into the way that people adapt when being put in a position of power or in a hierarchy class system (upper class or lower class).
Group
Two or more people who interact with each other, are influenced by each other and who share a common purpose.
Power
Is the ability someone has to get someone else to do something for them.
Leadership
Can be defined as the ability to manage or regulate other people. But it’s more than ‘power’ and there are different styles of leadership.
Six Types of Group Powers
Six Types of Group Powers:
- Coercive
- Reward
- Information
- Legitimate
- Expert
- Referent
Coercive
Coercive – When you set up a situation where a person has no choice but to do what you want you want, this may be done through threats or force.
Reward
Reward – Getting people to do what you want by rewarding them, this is basically bribing. It may be done with money, or with promises.
Information
Information - Where you are in power because of the knowledge you hold on a specific topic, reluctantly giving any knowledge away. This form of leadership is often short lived.
Legitimate
Legitimate – The boss has the most power.
Expert
Expert – Expert power is where you are in a higher position of power based on your knowledge and skill alone, this is an honest way to be in power and is morally just.
Referent
Referent – Referent power is where a person is able to be in power because of the admiration which is held by their followers.
Confederate
A confederate is a planted actor in an experiment; someone who works with the experimenter e.g. ‘learner’ in Milgram’s experiment.
Solomon Asch Conformity Experiment
The Asch Experiment, by Solomon Asch, was a famous experiment designed to test how peer pressure to conform would influence the judgment and individuality of a test subject.
Bystander Effect
People are more likely to help others when he/she is alone than when there are others around.
Bystander intervention
A person voluntarily helping someone.
The decision stage model of helping
- Noticing the need for help.
- Deciding that it is an emergency.
- Deciding to take responsibility.
- Deciding on a way to help.
- Taking action to help.
Social Norms
A norm is a form of action or behaviour that is standardised and expected in society, they are learned and provide a background for human social interaction
Personal Factors
Empathy, mood, competence
Altruism
Helping someone for the sake of helping them, without the want for anything in return.
What is anti-social Behaviour (A reluctance to help others)
- Behaviour that is harmful to others and to the community
- Prejudice and aggression are two particularly harmful anti-social behaviours
- Can be hostile, immediate response
- Can be deliberate over time
