groups 1 and 7 ✓ Flashcards
(68 cards)
1
Q
what happened when the group 1 metal lithium reacted with water ? (5)
A
- floated
- moved in water
- effervesced
- stays same shape
- turned universal indicator purple
2
Q
what happened when the group 1 metal sodium reacted with water ? (5)
A
- floated
- melts into ball
- moved on surface of water
- effervesced
- made universal indicator purple
3
Q
what happened when the group 1 metal potassium reacted with water ? (6)
A
- floated
- changed shape into ball
- moved on surface of water
- effervesced
- self ignited with lilac flame
- turned universal indicator purple
4
Q
what happened when the group 1 metal rubidium reacted with water ? (4)
A
- immediately made white sparks fly off it
- effervesced
- floated
- made universal indicator purple purple
5
Q
what happened when the group 1 metal caesium reacted with water ? (5)
A
- sunk
- made a small explosion
- effervesced
- broke glass of glass tray
- turned universal indicator purple
6
Q
what is the balanced symbol equation for the group 1 metal reacting lithium with water ?
A
2Li + 2H2O → 2LiOH + H2
7
Q
what is the balanced symbol equation for the group 1 metal sodium reacting with water ?
A
2Na + 2H2O → NaOH + H2
8
Q
what is the balanced symbol equation for the group 1 metal potassium reacting with water ?
A
2K + 2H2O → 2KOH + H2
9
Q
what is the balanced symbol equation for the group 1 metal rubidium reacting with water ?
A
2Rb + 2H2O → 2RbOH + H2
10
Q
what is the balanced symbol equation for the group 1 metal caesium reacting with water ?
A
2Cs + 2H2O → 2CsOH + H2
11
Q
what is the other name for the group 1 metals ?
A
alkali metals
12
Q
what is the other name for the group 7 metals ?
A
halogens
13
Q
what colour is fluorine at room temperature ?
A
pale yellow
14
Q
what colour is chlorine at room temperature ?
A
yellow-green
15
Q
what colour is bromine at room temperature ?
A
red-brown
16
Q
what colour is iodine at room temperature ?
A
shiny purple
17
Q
what colour is astatine at room temperature ?
A
almost black
18
Q
what state is fluorine at room temperature ?
A
gas
19
Q
what state is chlorine at room temperature ?
A
gas
20
Q
what state is bromine at room temperature ?
A
liquid
21
Q
what state is iodine at room temperature ?
A
solid
22
Q
what state is astatine at room temperature ?
A
solid
23
Q
what is the trend in the physical looks of the group 7 elements ?
A
they get more dense as you go down the group
24
Q
what are the group 1 metals trying to do with one of their electrons ?
A
lose them (oxidation)
25
what are the group 7 metals trying to do an electron ?
gain them (reduction)
26
what is the percentage of nitrogen in the atmosphere ?
78-80%
27
what is the percentage of oxygen in the atmosphere ?
18-21%
28
what is an experiment to show how much oxygen there is in the air ?
- get a glass tube and 2 gas syringes
- have 1 syringe pushed in to 0 cm3 and the other pulled out to 100 cm3
- get some iron/phosphorous/carbon tunings and heat them up in the tube
- push the 100 cm3 syringe in to 0 cm3 and pull the other one out
- repeat this
- the oxygen will react with the copper creating copper oxide
- when you get the same new reading for a few times remove the Bunsen burner and let the tube cool down for a few minutes then take a new reading in the tube that has the pulled out tube
29
what will you see in the element combustion of magnesium ?
a very bright white flame
30
what will you see in the element combustion of hydrogen ?
orange flame
31
what will you see in the element combustion of sulphur ?
blue flame
32
what is an experiment to show thermal decomposition using copper carbonate ?
- get copper carbonate put in a boiling tube with sealed lid and a capillary tube coming out of the sealed lid
- put the other end of the tube into a boiling tube with some limewater in it
- heat the copper carbonate until black and the limewater will be a white precipitate
33
when the copper carbonate has gone from green to black what is the new chemical that has been made called ?
copper oxide
34
what is an experiment to show the % of oxygen in the air using a metal or non-metal ?
- use about 3cm deep of iron wool and wet it with water then put it in the bottom of a test tube
- place the test tube with the open side down into some water in a beaker
- leave for a week and measure the new length of the column of the remaining gas
35
what is the reactivity series from most to least reactive ?
```
K (Potassium)
Na (Sodium)
Li (Lithium)
Ca (Calcium)
Mg (Magnesium)
Al (Aluminium)
Zn (Zinc)
Fe (Iron)
Cu (Copper)
Ag (silver)
Au (Gold)
Pt (Platinum)
```
36
what is a rhyme to remember the reactivity series ?
People Say Little Children Make Zebras Ill From Constantly Sniffing Giraffe's Plants
37
how can a reactivity series be made from reactions with air and water?
by seeing which substances make the biggest or smallest reactions with air and water
38
when will a displacement reaction take place ?
when a group 7 element is reacted with a group 7 element bonded to another element, but the group 7 element on its own is more reactive than the group 7 element bonded to the other element it will displace that element and it will become bonded to the other element
39
what are the conditions required for rusting ?
when something reacts with water and air
40
what are the 3 names given to the methods we can stop things from rusting ?
barrier method
reactivity method
sacrificial protection
41
how does the barrier method work from stopping objects from rusting ?
this creates a protective coating using a metal or plastic, keeping air and water out
42
how does the reactivity method work from stopping objects from rusting ?
has a more reactive metal on top of the one you want to protect so it gets reacted with instead of the metal you want to protect
43
how does sacrificial protection work from stopping objects from rusting ?
has a more reactive metal on top of the one you want to protect so it gets reacted with instead of the metal you want to protect the metal on top gets sacrificed for the one below to 'survive'
44
what is an example of a barrier method ?
paint or plating
45
what is an example of a reactivity method ?
galvanising or sacrificial protection
46
what is a prediction for the displacement reactions of chlorine water and potassium bromide ?
- solution goes from colourless to yellow orange
| - chlorine displaced the bromine
47
what is a prediction for the displacement reactions of chlorine water and potassium iodide ?
- solution goes from colourless to purple
| - chlorine displaces the iodine
48
what is a prediction for the displacement reactions of chlorine water and potassium chloride ?
- solution stays colourless
| - chlorine can't displace itself
49
what is the balanced symbol equation for chlorine water and potassium bromide ?
Cl2 + 2KBr → 2KCl + Br2
50
what is the balanced symbol equation for chlorine water and potassium iodide ?
Cl2 + 2Kl → 2KCl + I2
51
what is the balanced symbol equation for chlorine water and potassium chloride ?
Cl2 + KCl → Cl2 + KCl
52
what is a prediction to see whether a displacement reaction will take place in a reaction of dilute hydrochloric acid and sulphuric acid with metals ?
the most reactive will have the most vicious reaction and the least reactive will have no reaction
53
what happens when you add hydrochloric acid to aluminium ?
no change
54
what happens when you add sulphuric acid to aluminium ?
no change
55
what happens when you add hydrochloric acid to iron ?
no change
56
what happens when you add sulphuric acid to iron ?
bubbles covering metal
57
what happens when you add hydrochloric acid to zinc ?
let of small amount of gas bubbles covered metal
58
what happens when you add sulphuric acid to zinc ?
let of small amount of gas bubbles covered metal
59
what happens when you add hydrochloric acid to magnesium ?
effervesced - let of gas
60
what happens when you add sulphuric acid to magnesium ?
effervesced - let of gas
61
what happens when you add hydrochloric acid to copper ?
no change
62
what happens when you add sulphuric acid to copper ?
no change
63
what is an experiment for metals in dilute hydrochloric and sulphuric acid ?
place 2-3cm3 of acid into a test tube and 1 piece of metal and observe the reaction
64
what does oxidation mean when losing or gaining oxygen ?
is the gain of oxygen
65
what does reduction mean when losing or gaining oxygen ?
is the loss of oxygen
66
what does redox mean ?
a redox reaction is a reaction where both oxidising and reducing takes place
67
what does oxidising agent mean ?
- non-metal or positive ion
- causes oxidation
- gains electrons from other atoms or ions including itself
68
what does reducing agent mean ?
- metal or negative ion
- donates electrons to another element or ion (reducing the other species)
- it itself is oxidised
