Growth and Development

Question 1

what is anticipatory guidance?

Answer 1

telling the parents what to expect with their child

Question 2

What well child visits does the child get a vaccine?

Answer 2

birth 
2 montha
4 months 
6 months 
12 months 
15 months 
18 months 
4 years (48 months)

Question 3

when can you stop measuring head circumference in a child?

Answer 3

2 years old

Question 4

when do you start measuring BP routinely?

Answer 4

3 years old

Question 5

RR from birth to 2 months

Answer 5

tachypnea (>60/min)

Question 6

growth charts are specific for what two things

Answer 6

gender

age

Question 7

what are you looking for on growth chart?

Answer 7

trends, velocity changes

Question 8

child is slowly falling off the growth curve but their parents did the same and then grew in college

Answer 8

constitutional growth delay

Question 9

baby around the age 9 month to year who is really big but then normalizes to average size

Answer 9

catch-down growth

Question 10

when should infant be double the birth weight?

Answer 10

4-5 months

Question 11

How much should infant gain in the first 6 months of life (when growth is the fastest)?

Answer 11

0.5 - 1 oz daily

Question 12

How do you assess development in a child over 6 years old?

Answer 12

school performance

Question 13

4 domains of development to be assessed in development

Answer 13

fine motor/adaptive
gross motor
language (receptive and expressive)
personal/social skills

Question 14

AAP recommends standardized screening tests for development at which visits

Answer 14

9 months
18 months
30 months

Question 15

when would you perform MCHAT screening?

Answer 15

9-18 months

24 - 30 months

Question 16

How does a child develop gross and fine motor skills?

Answer 16

from head down (cephalocaudal fashion)

Question 17

what does the language of a child correlate best with?

Answer 17

cognitive development

Question 18

Developmental red flags
sitting?
transfer objects b/n hands?
pointing?
pincer grasp?
walk alone?
speak recognizable words?

Answer 18

can’t sit along by 9 months
unable to transfer object between hands by 1 year
not pointing by 1 year
abnormal pincer grip/grasp by 15 months
unable to walk alone by 18 months
failure to speak recognizable words by 2 years

Question 19

when should a chile be able to sit alone?

Answer 19

6 months

Question 20

when should child be able to transfer object between hands?

Answer 20

6 months

Question 21

when should a child start pointing?

Answer 21

12 months

Question 22

when should child have normal pincer grasp?

Answer 22

9 months

Question 23

when should a child start walking

Answer 23

12 months

Question 24

how should a 2 week old be put to sleep?

Answer 24

“back to sleep”

Question 25

when can you start introducing new foods and solid foods in the babies diet?

Answer 25

4 months

Question 26

what age should you start "child proofing" things?

Answer 26

6 months

Question 27

what age does a baby start to "cruise"?

Answer 27

9 months

Question 28

what age can you introduce whole milk?

Answer 28

12 months

Question 29

what labs can you run on 12 month old?

Answer 29

lead | hemoglobin

Question 30

why do you check the hemoglobin of 12 month old?

Answer 30

iron deficiency anemia → taking off iron rich formula and not eating iron rich food yet

Question 31

what age should you stop feeding a child with a bottle?

Answer 31

15 months

Question 32

how long should child stay in rear facing car seat?

Answer 32

2 years old

Question 33

what age do you want to emphasize safety in?

Answer 33

24 months

Question 34

"out of control behavior - screaming, stomping, hitting, head banging, falling down, violent displays of frustration"

Answer 34

temper tantrum

Question 35

How should you counsel a parent on Temper Tantrums?

Answer 35

avoid reinforcing the behavior → don't pay attention to it and avoid situations that may precipitate one

Question 36

what do you want to screen for in child who is 12 - 18 yo?

Answer 36

depression anxiety substance abuse

Question 37

what 3 things are screened for in newborn?

Answer 37

metabolic hemoglobin electrophoresis hearing evaluation

Question 38

NIH says to check the cholesterol of all kids at least once between the ages of ____ and ____

Answer 38

9 - 11 | 18 - 20

Question 39

when should a child start getting annual dental exams and 6 mo cleanings?

Answer 39

start at age 1 or within 6 months of first tooth

Question 40

when can parents start brushing their childs teeth?

Answer 40

when they first see a tooth

Question 41

When does separation anxiety begin in a child?

Answer 41

6 - 18 months

Question 42

How should you counsel a parent with a child who has Breath Holding Spells?

Answer 42

self limiting condtion and do not reinforce the behavior

Question 43

child refuses for go to school occurs only on school days no relation to social class, intelligence, academic ability

Answer 43

school phobia

Question 44

frequent or prolonged nighttime awakenings requiring intervetnion (child feels like they can't go back to sleep on their own)

Answer 44

sleep onset insomnia disorder

Question 45

bedtime resistance or refusal → caregiver unwillingness or inability to enforce bedtime

Answer 45

limit setting insomnia disorder

Question 46

awakens 1 - 3 hours after falling asleep sleepwalking, sleep terrors, confusional arousal occurs in non-REM sleep

Answer 46

parasomnia

Question 47

when do sleep terrors occur?

Answer 47

beginning third of the night

Question 48

sudden unexplained death during sleep in infant less than 1 year old

Answer 48

SIDS

Question 49

4 preventable risk factors for SIDS

Answer 49

stomach/side sleeping or sleeping on soft surface bed sharing overheating secondhand smoke

Question 50

what age do you start potty training?

Answer 50

when they are developmentally ready

Question 51

crampy achy muscle pain usually felt in both legs in preschoolers and preteens (3-4 & 8-12)

Answer 51

growing pains

Question 52

how will growing pains present in comparison to pain related to cancer?

Answer 52

growing pain will alternate around legs | cancer pain → located in the same exact spot + odd bruising

Question 53

when do growing pains usually occur?

Answer 53

late afternoon or early in sleep

Question 54

growing pains are most likely associated with

Answer 54

intense activity

Question 55

34% of childhood cancers are Male > Female between 2 -4 years old

Answer 55

acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)

Question 56

Symptoms of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)

Answer 56

``` bone and joint pain fatigue weakness bleeding fever weight loss weird bruising ```

Question 57

Cancer associated with headaches + dizziness + balance problems + vision/hearing/speech problems + frequent vomiting + bulging fontanelle

Answer 57

brain tumor

Question 58

swelling or lump in belly + fever + pain + nausesa + poor appetite

Answer 58

Wilms Tumor

Question 59

6% of childhood cancer → rarely after age 10 | arises from immature nerve cells and usually starts in the belly (adrenal glands)

Answer 59

neuroblastoma

Question 60

impaired ability to walk + changes in eyes (bulging, dark circle, droopy eyelids) + pain + diarrhea + HTN

Answer 60

neuroblastoma

Question 61

child lacks red eye reflex (white or pink color) and unequal bilaterally - be concerned about?

Answer 61

retinoblastoma