Growth and Expansion

Question 1

Cotton gin

Answer 1

a machine that removes the seeds from cotton fiber

Question 2

Interchangeable Parts

Answer 2

a part of a machine or device that can be replaced by another part just like it

Question 3

Patent

Answer 3

legal rights to an invention and its profits

Question 4

Capitalism

Answer 4

economic system in which people and companies control production

Question 5

Free Enterprise

Answer 5

a type of economy in which people are free to buy, sell, and produce whatever they want

Question 6

Census

Answer 6

the official count of the population

Question 7

Turnpike

Answer 7

a road on which tolls are collected

Question 8

Canal

Answer 8

waterway made by people

Question 9

Lock

Answer 9

a separate compartment in which water levels rise and fall in order to raise or lower boats

Question 10

Sectionalism

Answer 10

rivalry based on the special interests of different areas

Question 11

Monopoly

Answer 11

a market where there is only one seller

Question 12

Interstate commerce

Answer 12

economic activity taking place between two or more states

Question 13

Eli Whitney

Answer 13

invented the cotton gin
Developed interchangeable parts

Question 14

capitalists

Question 15

dumping

Question 16

Robert Fulton

Answer 16

Built the steamboat

Question 17

Francis Cabot Lowell

Answer 17

Improved on Slater’s mill and wove cotton thread into cloth
began the factory system

Question 18

Factory system

Answer 18

all manufacturing steps are combined into one place

Question 19

Samuel Slater

Answer 19

Built a cotton thread mill

Question 20

transportation to the west was improving during the 1800s

Question 21

Identify where the Erie Canal expanded trade in the U.S.

Question 22

leaders of sectionalism

Question 23

Jose San Martin

Question 24

How did US obtain Florida

Question 25

Textile Cloth Industry

Question 26

Growth of cities

Answer 26

Growth of factories led to growth of cities. Cities grew up near rivers because factories used water to power their machines. People could ship their products on the rivers.
Cities had no sewers so disease spread and fires spread because buildings were wood.

Question 27

Second Bank of the United States

Answer 27

The charter for the First Bank of the United States expired in 1811, and Congress let the bank die. In 1816 the Republican majority in Congress brought the national bank back to life. President Madison signed the bill creating the Second Bank of the United States.
After the First Bank closed, many state banks had acted unwisely. They made too many loans and allowed too much money into circulation. These actions led to inflation, a rise in the prices of goods. As prices rose, American families could buy less and less with each dollar. The absence of a national bank also meant the federal government had no safe place to keep its funds. The Second Bank of the United States restored order to the money supply, helping American businesses to grow.

Question 28

Adams-Onis Treaty

Answer 28

with the Adams-Onís Treaty of 1819, Spain ceded, or gave up control of, all claims and ownership to both East and West Florida. They also gave up claims to Oregon Country in the Pacific Northwest, while the United States agreed to Spanish control of Texas.

Question 29

Monroe Doctrine

Answer 29

The president issued a statement on December 2, 1823: The United States would not get involved in the internal affairs or wars in Europe. It also would not interfere with any existing European colonies in the Americas. At the same time, the statement said, North and South America “are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers.” The Monroe Doctrine, as the statement came to be known, served as a clear warning to European nations to keep out of the Americas. It became a guiding force in American foreign policy in the decades ahead.

Question 30

Miguel Hidalgo

Answer 30

n 1810 a priest named Miguel Hidalgo (ee * DAHL * goh) led a rebellion in Mexico. Hidalgo called for racial equality and the redistribution of land. The Spanish captured and executed Hidalgo, but by 1821 Mexico had gained its independence from Spain.

Question 31

Simon Bolivar

Answer 31

Simón Bolívar, also known as “the Liberator,” led the independence movement that won freedom for the present-day countries of Venezuela, Colombia, Panama, Bolivia, and Ecuador. José de San Martín successfully achieved independence for Chile and Peru. By 1824 Spain had lost control of most of South America.

Question 32

Spinning Jenny