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Growth & Development Flashcards

(59 cards)

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1
Q

infant development group and theories

A

1-12 months / trust vs mistrust / sensorimotor

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2
Q

toddler development group and theories

A

1-3 years / autonomy vs shame & doubt / preoperational; egocentrism

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3
Q

preschooler development group and theories

A

3-6 years / initiative vs guilt / preoperational; cause & effect, magical thinking

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4
Q

school age development group and theories

A

6-12 years / industry vs inferiority / concrete operational; deductive reasoning

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5
Q

adolescent development group and theories

A

12-18 years / identity vs role confusion / formal operational; abstract reasoning

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6
Q

general growth and development milestones

A

physical, fine motor, gross motor, sensory

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7
Q

general pattern of physical growth

A

cephalocaudal, proximodistal, simple to complex

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8
Q

developmental screening assessments

A

Denver II, PDQ II, ASQ, infant language, infant inventory

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9
Q

Denver II

A

general brief assessment, determines need for further testing

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10
Q

weight trends for infants 1st year of life

A

birth weight double @ 6 mo & triple @ 12 mo

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11
Q

when assessing a premature infant go by

A

adjusted age; chronological - weeks early

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12
Q

infant neurological development assessment findings

A

head circumference: brain growth, anterior fontanelle open until 12-18 months, primitive reflexes: disappear first few months –> protective reflexes

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13
Q

infant respiratory development assessment findings

A

resp rate from 30-60 @birth –> 20-30 @12 mo, irregular breaths/periodic pauses @birth, not fully mature until 7

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14
Q

infant cardiovascular development assessment findings

A

heart doubles in size by first year, pulse 120-140 –> 100 @12 mo, BP 60/40 –> 100/50 @12 mo, thermoregulation better by 1 year

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15
Q

infant gastrointestinal development assessment findings

A

tooth eruption ~6 mo, saliva ~3 mo, 0.5-1 oz stomach capacity @birth, meconium stool

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16
Q

infant genitourinary assessment findings

A

high body water; risk of dehydration, frequent urination, low specific gravity urine

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17
Q

infant integumentary system assessment findings

A

fine downy hair; lanugo, newborn acrocyanosis; hands and feet & gone after a few days

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18
Q

infant hematopoietic assessment findings

A

iron from mom; depleted b7 ~6-9 mo unless supplemented

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19
Q

infant immunologic assessment findings

A

IgG from mother; helps for 3-6 months

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20
Q

concerning infant assessment findings (4)

A

lack of head circumference growth, premature fontanel closure, persistent premature reflexes or regression, central cyanosis; mouth, head, torso

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21
Q

infant psychosocial/Erikson development

A

basic needs met, tolerance for frustration increases; trusts gratification will be provided

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22
Q

infant cognitive/Piaget development

A

senses and motor skills to learn, object permanence ~8 mo, purposeful movements, symbols and events

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23
Q

Infant gross motor skills by months

A

1- lifts & turns head, head lag then pulled to sit
2- raises head to chest
3- head raise ~45, slight head lag
4- lifts head, looks around, rolls, head leads when pulled to sit
5- rolls, sits supported
6- tripod sit
7- sit w hands
8- sits alone
9- crawls
10- pulls to stand, cruises
12- sits, walks

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24
Q

concerning infant gross motor skill assessment findings

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A

persistent head lag past 4 mo, not sitting unsupported @9 mo, lack of pincer grasp @12 mo, persistent eye crossing past 5mo, no reaction to loud noise

25
infant sight assessment findings
newborns nearsighted, prefer faces & high contrast objects, eyes cross occasionally, people recognition by 1 mo, binocular vision 6 weeks, color vision 7 mo
26
infant hearing assessment findings
regular
27
infant smell and taste assessment findings
7-day old knows breast milks, prefers sweets
28
infant touch assessment findings
prefers soft, holding, stroking, rocking, cuddling
29
concerning infant developmental assessment findings
not reacting to loud noise, no coos/vocalizations @4 mo, no laugh/squeal @6 months, no babbling @8mo, no single words @12mo, regression
30
stranger anxiety in infants
clingy and whiny, recognizing self, approach baby calmly and slowly
31
separation anxiety in infants
distress, lessens when older realizes parent will come back,
32
developmental concerns in infants
colic, spitting up, thumb sucking, pacifiers, security items, teething
33
developmental promotion in infants
solitary play, toys, safety, nutrition, oral hygiene
34
toddler gross motor skill development
running, climbing, jumping, pushing, pulling, throwing, peddling tric
35
when does the posterior fontanelle close
2-5 mo
36
when does the anterior fontanelle close
18-24 months
37
toddler fine motor skill development
utensils, drawing
38
toddler emotional/social development
sense of self, self control, egocentrism
39
toddler behavior
security item, gender difference, aggressive behaviors, fear of strangers, fear of loss of parents, no clear body boundaries
40
toddler play
structured and unstructured physical activity, parallel play, egocentric and short attention span
41
toddler nutrition
wean breastfeeding, limit juice, using a cup, 3 full meals 2 snacks, choking consideration, self-feeding, sleep through night w one nap
42
toddler development concerns
toileting, temper tantrums, thumb sucking/pacifiers, sibling rivalry, aggression
43
toddler hospitalization concerns
stranger anxiety and regression, consistent routines, autonomy when able, caregiver involvement, speak quietly and at eye level
44
toddler physical growth
2.5 - 3 inches per year, 5 lbs per year, loss of body fat increase of muscle
45
toddler physiologic concerns
bed wetting and constipation
46
preschooler developmental
imaginary friends, past recollection, symbolic and magical thinking, assertion of own power, superego; am I bad or good
47
preschooler social development
make and keep friends, associative play 3-4, cooperative play 4+
48
preschooler promotion of growth and development
building self-esteem, maintain routine and ritual, limits and consistency, knowing signs of developmental delay
49
preschooler developmental promotion
nutrient dense, dental hygiene, 12 hours of sleep, car, falls, poisoning, water safety
50
Preschooler hospitalization
offer options, explain procedures; use dolls, caregiver presence
51
school age physical development
2 in per year, 4-6 lbs, secondary sex
52
school age psychosocial
sense of pride, confidence, how can I be goos, abstract thought, reversibility, others thoughts and desires
53
school age communication
culturally specific, complex grammar, metaphor understanding
54
school age play and rest
cooperative, leadership and following, 12 hrs sleep, sleep schedule
55
School age hospitalization
independence and self-care, assist, honest information w concrete, meaningful words to reduce fear, caregiver
56
stages of play
unoccupied, solitary, onlooker, parallel, associative, cooperative
57
adolescent physiological development
peak height @12 F & 14 M, muscle in boys, fat in girls,
58
adolescent social/cognitive
sense of self, abstract thought, peer groups,
59
hospitalized adolescent
maintain independence, participation in decisions, encourage peer socialization

Peds (6 decks)

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