Growth of industrialisation causes

Question 1

Master and Servant Act

Answer 1

1823 failure to fulfil contract punishable, imprisonment

Question 2

1813 repeal

Answer 2

Statute of Artificers: had regulated wages and working conditions since 1563

Question 3

What dictated rate of change?

Answer 3

Market forces and entrepreneurialism

Question 4

Combination Acts

Answer 4

1799/1800 meant growth could not be challenged by workers

Question 5

‘free trade’ principles

Answer 5

Adam Smith ‘Wealth of Nations’
Influenced attitudes- fulfilling self interest results in societal benefit and argues against government intervention in the market

Question 6

Richard Arkwright

Answer 6

Died 1792 : £500 000

Built mills across England

Question 7

Richard Crawshay

Answer 7

Cyfartha Ironworks

Employed 5000 and had wealth over £200 000 by 1830

Question 8

Middle Class Increase

Answer 8

by 75% 1816-1831

Question 9

Establish Bank of England

Answer 9

1694

Question 10

County banks issue bank notes

Answer 10

1797, central fund to pay wages effectively

Question 11

1866 How many banks

Answer 11

154 joint stock, 800 branches nationwide

Question 12

1808 banks

Answer 12

800 local banks

Question 13

What did banking allow people, especially middle class to do?

Answer 13

Invest in developments, long term benefit and infrastructure

Many bought mills to supplement income

Question 14

National capital invested

Answer 14

Industry trade and transport
5% in 1760
26% in 1860

Question 15

Steam engine

Answer 15

1769 introduced

Question 16

agricultural mechanisation

Answer 16

lowered need for labourers so migrated north

Question 17

urban area growth

Answer 17

grew 23-29% from 1801-51

Question 18

workers employed in manufacturing

Answer 18

2/5 in 1801

2/3 in 1871

Question 19

canals

Answer 19

4000 miles navigable waterways by 1820s

Question 20

exports

Answer 20

By 1811, £40/£130 million goods produced were exported

Question 21

divides

Answer 21

increased as some areas couldn’t access industry

Question 22

govt policies judgement

Answer 22

Responding to climate that’d benefit from stronger banking sector, removed impeding legislation.

Important in speed, but couldn’t alone.

Created foundations

Question 23

Growth of Banking judgement

Answer 23

Slow process
Only accessible to middle class
Allowed continuation of growth later on as more accessible

Question 24

Middle class judgement

Answer 24

Increased political sway
Govt removed legislation to keep support/ max profit
Initially crucial as invested and ran factories

Question 25

Geographical diversity judgement

Answer 25

``` Relied on use by middle class and their investment Allowed more widespread- faster goods and resources ```

Question 26

Six Acts

Answer 26

e.g Seditious Meetings Prevention Act, 1819

Question 27

Government expansive policies/the trade

Answer 27

maintain empire providing markets (87% textiles produced were exported to African markets)

Question 28

When did European markets reopen?

Answer 28

1815