Gruetter 2

Question 1

Used for refractory hypertension

Answer 1

Minoxidil K channel opener

Question 2

Used to promote hair growth to treat baldness

Answer 2

Minoxidil K channel opener

Question 3

Adversely causes marked fluid retention (w/ a diuretic), tachycardia (with a beta blocker), and hypertrichosis

Answer 3

Minoxidil K channel opener

Question 4

Activating guanylate cyclase increases ____ which allows

Answer 4

cGMP

Vascular smooth muscle relaxation

Question 5

Arteriodilation = venodilation.

Overall effects = decreases TPR, BP, and CO. Increases HR.

Answer 5

Sodium Nitroprusside

Question 6

Given IV infusion only because of short t1/2 (minutes).

Used in hypertensive crisis, acute CHF, and MI

Answer 6

Sodium Nitroprusside

Question 7

Acutely can cause excessive hypotension.

Chronically (days) can cause thiocyanate and/or cyanide toxicity.

Answer 7

Sodium Nitroprusside.

Question 8

Cyanide + _____ > thiocyanate

Catalyzed by?

Answer 8

Thiosulfate

Rhodanese in liver

Question 9

If sufficient thiosulfate - __________ toxicity

If insufficient thiosulfate - __________ toxicity

Answer 9

Thiocyanate

Cyanide

Question 10

Includes nitroglycerin and isosorbide dinitrate

Answer 10

Organic nitrates

Question 11

Organic nitrates mainly do

Answer 11

Venodilation

Question 12

At low doses mainly do venodilation to cause overall decrease in CO

Answer 12

Organic Nitrates (Nitroglycerin and isosorbide dinitrate)

Question 13

At high doses cause venous and arterial dilation to cause overall decreases in CO, TPR, and BP. Increases in HR.

Answer 13

Organic Nitrates (nitroglycerin and isosorbide dinitrate)

Question 14

Undergo extensive first pass metabolism. Can be given IV, sublingually, or transdermally

Answer 14

Organic Nitrates

Question 15

Glutathione organic nitrate reductase will denitrate them and decrease their activity

Answer 15

Organic Nitrates

Question 16

Used for angina, CHF, and acute MI

Answer 16

Organic Nitrates

Question 17

Can cause excessive hypotension and tolerance is easily built up

Answer 17

Organic Nitrates

Question 18

Decreases TRP, so you have marked compensatory increases in HR, CO, and fluid retention

Answer 18

Minoxidil K channel opener

Question 19

Inhalational, very short t1/2 (3-6 secs)

Answer 19

NO

Question 20

Used for hypoxic respiratory failure in term/near-term neonate a associated with pulmonary hypertension

Answer 20

NO

Question 21

May cause pulmonary edema (due to NO2 formation) and hypoxemia upon sudden withdrawal

Answer 21

NO

Question 22

Causes arterial vasodilation to lower BP

Answer 22

Hydralazine

Question 23

Used in CHF.

Causes ANA formation and a lupus like syndrome

Answer 23

Hydralazine

Question 24

Causes peripheral vasodilation to decrease BP. Used in hypertensive emergency

Answer 24

Fenoldopam

Question 25

Relaxation of smooth muscle in corpus cavernosum to cause erection. Relaxation of lower urinary tract muscle to cause urination

Answer 25

PDEi

Question 26

Used for erectile dysfunction

Answer 26

PDEi

Question 27

PDEi have ____ metabolism

Answer 27

Hepatic

Question 28

Used in BPH

Answer 28

PDEi | Tadilafil