GU Flashcards
What is nephrotic syndrome?
kidney disorder characterised by a number of signs of disease: proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia and edema
What EKG changes are indicative of hyperkalemia?
Tall peaked T waves, ST depression, and QRS widening
What is normal creatinine level?
Normal creatinine is 0.6 to 1.3
What is normal BUN?
Normal BUN is 6-20
What is normal urine specific gravity?
Normal urine specific gravity is 1.003 to 1.030
What is normal uric acid level?
Normal uric acid level is 2.3-6.6 in a female, and 4.4-7.6 in a male
What is the most common finding in a patient with bladder cancer?
Hematuria
What type of drug should be held before dialysis?
Cardiac glycosides
What does the kidney’s “Glomerulus” do?
Selective filtration
What is the function of the “Loop of Henle”?
Reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the ascending loop; reabsorption of water in the descending loop; concentration of the filtrate
What role do the kidneys play in RBC production?
They release Erythropoietin, that stimulates RBC production
What is “Nephrotic Syndrome”?
Nephrotic syndrome is when the glomerulus is overly permeable and leaks protein through
What is a serious side effect of nephrotic syndrome?
Hypercoagulability or thromboembolism, due to increased permeability leaking clotting factor
What sort of meals should a patient with Nephrotic syndrome be eating?
Small, frequent low-to-moderate protein meals
What is an important nursing intervention in patients with Nephrotic Syndrome?
Measure the patient’s abdominal girth and extrimity size to track progression of edema
What is polycystic kidney disease?
A life-threatening, genetic-based disease where the kidney tissue grows many cysts that make the kidneys lose their function
What are the standards to follow when collecting a Urinalysis sample?
1) Collect urine from the first void of the morning
2) Ensure the specimen is processed within 1 hour of collection
What is the technique for collecting a 24-hour urine specimen?
Throw out the first urination and collect for 24 hours after
How is a urine culture collected?
Mid-stream
What is pyelonephritis?
inflammation (usually infection) on the renal parenchyma and collecting system
What is cystitis?
Inflammation of the bladder wall
What is urethritis?
Inflammation of the urethra
What is urosepsis?
Urospesis is a UTI that has spread into the blood (making the patient septic)
What is an “uncomplicated” UTI?
A UTI that occurs in an otherwise normal urinary system
