GU Diseases Flashcards
(23 cards)
What is clinical presentation of nephritic syndrome?
hematuria with dysmorphic RBC
proteinuria
RBC casts, granular casts, pyuria
edema, HTN renal insufficiency, oliguria
What is clinical presentation of nephrotic syndrome?
proteinuria >3.5/day
hypopalbuminemia
hyperlipidemia, lipiduria
Edema
What is clinical presentation of RPGN?
acute nephritis and AKI leading to ESRD in weeks to mo
What are major uropathogens?
E. coli, entero, staphlycoccus
hospital acquired- klebsiella pneumonia, proteus mirabilia, pseudomonas
What population is most likely to get UTI from S. epidermidis?
Men >50 y, hospital pts, complicated UTI, likely asymptomatic with MDR
What population is most likely to get UTI from S. saprophyticus?
women 16-35 y, healtyh outpatient, normal urinary tract, mostly symptomatic, rare for relapse
What are WBC casts diagnostic of?
upper tract infection
What is abnormal WBC count in urine?
> 10
What is absence of pyuria strongly suggestive of?
non-infectious cause
What constitutes a complicated UTI?
functional, anatomic or metabolic abnormality affection the urinary tract or a hx of MDR or pyelonephritis
What is clinical presentation of UTI?
<2y: fever, vomiting, failure to thrive
elderly: fever, Δ in mental status
What is clinical presentation of cystitis?
Dysuria, urgency, frequency, suprapubic pain
What is clinical presentation of pyelonephritis?
Fever, dysuria, urgency, frequency, flank pain
What is clinical presentation of acute prostatitis?
High fever, chills, perineal & back pain, UTI sx
Warm, swollen and tender prostate
What is clinical presentation of chronic prostatits?
Asymptomatic to perineal discomfort
Low back pain
Dysuria
Normal-mild tenderness
What are RF for calcium nephrolithiasis?
hypercalciuria (normal serum Ca but increased urine Ca)
hypocituria (calcium normally binds to this)
What are RF for uric acid calculi?
increased urine acidity
When would you see Mg Ammonium phosphate calculi?
in the presence of UTI caused by urea splitting bacteria (proteus, klbesiella)
What is the MC site of urinary obstruction lodgement?
uretrovesical junction
How large does a calculus have to be to become lodged?
> 5mm
What is the gold standard to diagnose kidney stones?
Non-contrast CT scan
What drugs can cause urinary incontience?
anticholinergic, APS, antidepressants, alpha adrenergic agonist, alpha antagonist, Diuretics, CCB, SCEI, antiparkinsons
What is diagnostic criteria for ADPCKD?
2 cysts <30y, 2 cysts on 1 kidney 31-40, 4 cysts 1 kidney >60
