GU SURGERY Flashcards
(131 cards)
1
Q
position of the kidneys
A
retroperitoneal
2
Q
result of hernal cyst and phymosis
A
infection between the foreskin and glans
3
Q
what does a Ellick evacuator help with?
A
removal prostatic tissue
specimen removal
4
Q
process of the IVP
A
contrast media injected into the veins and is filtered thru kidneys & excreted w/n 1 hour
5
Q
hydrocelectomy
A
removal of a hydrocele
6
Q
KUB
A
Simple flat plate of the abdomen to view kidneys, ureter, and bladder.
7
Q
what does toomey syringe help with?
A
blood clot removal
specimen retrieval
8
Q
where is a hydrocele located?
A
inb/n the peritoneum and the scrotum
9
Q
hematuria
A
blood in the urine
10
Q
what catheter is used for a TURP
A
3 WAY FOLEY
11
Q
what can a KUB help detect?
A
calculi
12
Q
cystoscope component: telescope
A
offer different degrees to provide different angles of view
13
Q
T/F beginning stages of wilm’s tumor are symptomatic
A
FALSE
14
Q
cystoscope components
A
- telescope
- sheath
- obturator
- bridge
15
Q
what is a retrograde pyelogram?
A
radiographic visualization of the urinary tract through ureteral catheterization and contrast media
16
Q
extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy
A
removal of a stone normally smaller than 2 cm through shok waves delivered to stone through fluoroscopy from OUTSIDE OF THE BODY
17
Q
T/F is cryptorchidism associated with inguinal hernias?
A
TRUE
18
Q
another name for vesicourethral suspension
A
marshall marchetti
19
Q
what does KUB stand for?
A
kidneys-ureters-bladder
20
Q
where is the donated placed in the recipient?
A
in the iliac fossa
21
Q
is IVU another name for IVP?
A
yes
22
Q
retropubic prostatectomy
A
similiar approach to suprapubic bu the incision does NOT go through the bladder
23
Q
main differences between suprapubis and retropubic approach
A
SUPRAPUBIC
-control of bleeding is difficult because the prostate is located beneath he symphysis pubis
-transvesical approach
RETROPUBIC
-easier control of bleeding
-not cutting into the bladder
-better visualization of the prostate and and prostatic urethra
24
Q
what structures will you see in an IVP?
A
Kidneys, renal pelvis, ureters, bladder
25
cystoscope component: obturator
- metal rod with smooth rounded tip
- inserted into sheath
- prevents the end of sheath from abrading the mucosal lining of the urethra
26
risks to perineal approach
serious risk of injury to the rectum
| high incidence of impotence
27
why is glycine and sorbitol used for TURP?
nonhemolytic and nonelectrolytic
28
suprapubic prostatectomy
removal of prostate through and abdominal incision and through the bladder
29
what does phimosis do?
prevents retraction of forskin of the glans
30
T/F 0.9% normal saline is used for irrigation or a TURP
FALLSSSEEEE
| NEVER use NS for TURP it contains electrolytes that act as conductors and could dissipate electricity causing combustion
31
cystoscope component: sheath
- hollow tube that provides a passageway for surgical instruments
- ports for inflow and outflow of irrigation
32
how do you fix hypospadius
creation of a new meatus placed as close as possible to the tip of the glans
33
who gets phimosis?
uncircumcised males
34
what's an ileal conduit?
diverting urine flow to an isolated loop of bowel
35
T/F a kidney can function in ANY position unless it's in a floating position
TRUE
36
benefits of laparoscopic/robotic prostatectomy
-able to take lymph nodes also
-shorter hospital stay
-decreased blood loss
-decreased urinary intoninence
increased sexual function
-minimally invasive
-nerve sparing
-better chance for erectile function
37
what are the fxn.s of each port
1st port - balloon inflation to provide tamponade
2nd port - urinary drainage
3rd port - continuous irrigation
38
uremia?
wastes products in the blood
- urea
- nitrogenous waste products
39
what fluid is used for continous irrigation for a TURB?
sterile water
40
what is a flank approach
a crv.ed incisioned across the flank (lower right of the ribs)
41
how is TURP performed?
through a resectoscope
42
T/F TURP is the most common performed prostatectomy
TRUE
43
what's the difference between an IVP and a retrograde pyelogram
it goes backwards!
44
T/F surgeons work on the donor and the recipient SIMULTANEOUSLY
TRUE
| they also try to have the operating rooms connected as much as possible to prevent contamination to the donated kidney
45
name a urinary diversion procedure
ileal conduit
46
indication for suprapubic prostatectomy
prostate is too big to be removed by TURP
| malignant
47
what fluid is used for continuous irrigation in a TURP?
1.5% glycine or 3% sorbitol
48
perineal prostatectomy
removal of the ENTIRE prostate gland through a curved incision aboved the anal margin
49
indication for a cystoscopy
```
hematuria
urinary retention
UTI
fistulas
tumors
stones
incontinence
```
50
what's the prolem with floating kidney?
the ureter can become twisted/kinked & urine can backflow into the ureter pelvis
51
cystoscope component: bridge
- accommodates added length of telescope
| - may have additional ports fro catheters
52
how do you treat kidney failure
hemodialysis
| peritoneal dialysis
53
What does IVP stand for?
intravenous pyelogram
54
what incision is made for an orchiectomy?
scrotal incision
55
what does a KUB DO?
demonstrates the size, shape, and locations of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder
56
T/F an Ellick evacuator is TURB specific
FALSE
| it's TURP specific
57
T/F they do an orchiectomy when they determined the growth of adenocarcinoma on the prostate has been found hormonally dependent ( DON'T NEED TO KNOW FOR EXAM )
TRUE
58
pathway of retrograde pyelogram
it starts at the bladder, works it way up to the kidneys, and then to the ureters via catheterization
59
what could hematuria indicate?
bladder tumor
60
what does a patient, receiving a retrograde pyelogram, have to get at minimum?
a cystosocpy
61
process an ileal conduit
cystectomy with the implantation of ureters into a segment of ileum
62
The area of the kidney where the renal artery, vein and ureter enter is called the ?
hilus
63
BPH?
benign prostatic hypertrophy
64
nephropexy
the surgical ixation of a floating kidney
65
floating kdiney
a kidney that is moved out of its normal anatomical position
66
orchiopexy
attach the undescended testicle to the scrotal wall
67
mrs. ruhnke explanation of vesicourethral suspension
suspension of the bladder neck and urethra to the cartilage of the pubis symphysis to treat urinary stress incontinence in females
68
circumcision
excision of the forskin prepuce) of the glans penis
69
another name for end-stage renal disease
kidney failure
70
what happens if you leave kidney failure untreated?
Death; an accumulation fo waste products and fluids can occur and backflow into the body
71
cystoscopy
an endoscopic visualization of the lower urinary tract
72
a prostatectomy is used to treat ____ and ____
BPH and cancer
73
example of wilm's tumor
nephroblastoma
74
what's the intent of a marshall marchetti?
to bring the bladder and urethra into the pelvis by suturing paraurethral vaginal tissue to the back of the symphysis pubis
75
ESRD
endstage renal failure
76
Filling the bladder with radiopaque contrast material via a catheter is called a ?
cystogram
77
what does IVU stand for?
intravenous urogram
78
males older than 50 y/o
malignant
79
what approach is used in a nephrectomy
flank approach
80
what does hypospadius interfere with?
normal urination
| male cannot void straight
81
what might have in conjuction with the cystectomy during a ileal conduit?
PT might have a ileostomy with the cystectomy; PT gets cath.ed so they can do it themselves
82
what's a phimosis?
tightness of the foreskin
83
SX.s of kidney failure
```
little or no U/O
high BUN/creatine
HTN
fatigue/malaise
headache
```
84
what 2 supplies could be used to suction out the specimen in a TURP
toomey syringe
| Ellick evacuator
85
WHAT ARE CALCULI?
STONES
86
T/F the diseased kidney is taken out and replaced with the donated kidney
FALSE
| it is left in it's place unless it's cancerous
87
deflecting mechanism
- moveable deflector extends to the end of the sheath
| - aids in placing accessories such as ureteral
88
what does BPH do?
cause obstruction of urine flow
89
young adults with hematuria are
benign
90
what's tamponade when using the 3 way foley?
creates pressure under the prostatic bed
91
what's is a KUB?
a x-ray of the lower abdomen
92
T/F Suprapubic prostatectomy is the least common performed surgery out of the 4 types of prostatectomies?
FALSE
| suprapubic prostatectomy is the MOST COMMON approach
93
cystometrogram
A graphic representation of bladder response to pressure and its capacity for fluid.
94
Name 4 types of prostatectomy:
```
suprapubic prostatectomy
retropubic prostatectomy
perineal prostatectomy
TURP
laparoscopic robotic assisted prostatectomy
```
95
what is the point of an IVP?
to outline the urologic system
96
how should send calculi as a specimen?
always sent to the lab DRY W/O FORMALIN
97
X-ray study using intravenous radiopaque contrast media to viualize kidneys, ureters, and bladder
IVP
98
T/F you enter the peritoneal cavity when performing a nephrectomy
FALSE
99
These carry urine from the kidney to the bladder.
ureters
100
orchiectomy
the removal of one or both testicles
101
kidney's functional rate during ESRD
LESS THAN 10% OF NORMAL CAPACITY
102
pathway of an IVP?
contrast media is injected into the veins which then goes to the bloodstream->kidneys->ureters->bladder
103
penile implant
the prosthesis is implanted for treated of organic sexual impotence (erectile dysfxn)
104
what medication is injected for an IVP?
contrast media
105
4 basic types of kidney stones
calcium based
magniesum ammonium phosphate
uric acid
crystine
106
what is the PACU watching for during fluid output from the 3 way foley?
- how bloody it is
- any clots?
- appearance
- how much fluid went in & how much came out
107
what DX.s does an orchiectomy treat?
testicular or prostatic cancer
108
TURP
transurethral resection of the prostate
109
trigone
Area of the bladder where the openings of the ureters and urethra meet.
110
What's a hydrocele?
an enlarged fluid filled sac around the testicle
111
T/F any prep solution is okay to use is GU surgery
FALSE
| make sure that the antimicrobial skin prep solution does not contain any alcohol unless in the abdominal region
112
kidney transplant
the removal of a kdiney from a living or deceased donor and implanitng it into the recipient
113
prostatectomy
the removal of all or part of the prostate gland
114
cryptorchidism
undescended testicles; failure of one or both testicles to descend into he scrotum
115
another way to describe a retrograde pyelogram
ureteral catheterization during cystoscopy and inject of contrast media
116
A 3 way foley provides continuous irrigation.
Action is continued until PT goes to PACU.
What's the plan of action after that?
What goes in, must come out.
| When the PT arrives to PACU, a large foley is attached tot he catheter and the PACU monitors the fluid output
117
define torsion
a twisting action
118
NEPHRECTOMY
surgical removal of the kidney
119
not getting a circumcision can result in ___ or ___
hernal cyst or phymosis
120
resectoscope
has insulation to allow for cautery
121
During a renal transplant, the donor kidney is placed in the ?
iliac fossa
122
The outermost area of the kidney is the
renal cortex
123
indication of an ileal conduit
malignancy of bladder
| stricture of ureter
124
T/F a cystoscopy is NOT a diagnostic tool
FALSE
125
Wilm's tumor
malignant tumor in children
126
classification of a cystoscopy
closed procedure
127
hypospadius
urethral meatus is found abnormally on the UNDERSURFACE of the penis
128
kidney failure
filtration of the kidneys are not effective
129
formal name of "undescended testicles"
cryptorchidism
130
T/F perineal prostatectomy is a direct approach to the prostate
TRUE
131
epispadius
the urethral opening is above on top of the penis
