Guide Book Chemical Reaction And Equation Flashcards
(23 cards)
What is a Chemical Reaction?
A chemical reaction is a process in which one or more substances (reactants) are converted into new substances (products) with different chemical properties.
Example: When hydrogen reacts with oxygen, water is formed.
What is a Combination Reaction?
A combination reaction is when two or more reactants combine to form a single product.
What is a Decomposition Reaction?
A decomposition reaction is when a single reactant breaks down into two or more products.
What is a Displacement Reaction?
A displacement reaction is when a more reactive element displaces a less reactive element from a compound.
What is a Double Displacement Reaction?
A double displacement reaction involves the exchange of ions between two compounds to form new compounds.
What is a Redox Reaction?
A redox reaction involves both reduction and oxidation processes.
Explanation: Zinc is oxidized (loses electrons), and copper(II) ions are reduced (gain electrons).
What is the law of conservation of mass?
The law of conservation of mass states that matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction; hence, the mass of reactants equals the mass of products.
What are the steps to balance a chemical equation?
- Write the unbalanced equation.
- Count the number of atoms of each element on both sides.
- Adjust the coefficients to balance the atoms.
- Ensure the coefficients are in the simplest whole number ratio.
What are Exothermic Reactions?
Exothermic reactions release energy, usually in the form of heat.
Example: Combustion of fuels.
What are Endothermic Reactions?
Endothermic reactions absorb energy from the surroundings.
Example: Photosynthesis.
What is Corrosion?
Corrosion is the gradual destruction of materials, especially metals, by chemical reactions with environmental elements.
Example: Rusting of iron.
What is Rancidity?
Rancidity is the process by which fats and oils in food undergo oxidation, leading to unpleasant odors and flavors.
How can rancidity be prevented?
Rancidity can be prevented by storing food in airtight containers and adding antioxidants.
What is the reaction of Sodium with Water?
Reaction:
Type: Combination reaction.
What is the decomposition of Calcium Carbonate?
Reaction:
Type: Decomposition reaction.
What is the reaction of Zinc with Hydrochloric Acid?
Reaction:
Type: Displacement reaction.
What is the reaction of Potassium Iodide with Lead Nitrate?
Reaction:
Type: Double displacement reaction.
What happens when 2 g of silver chloride is placed in sunlight?
Observation: The white color of silver chloride turns grey or black upon exposure to sunlight.
Chemical Reaction: 2AgCl \xrightarrow{\text{sunlight}} 2Ag + Cl_2
What is the balanced equation for zinc reacting with silver nitrate?
Zn + 2AgNO_3 \rightarrow Zn(NO_3)_2 + 2Ag
Type of Reaction: Displacement reaction.
What happens when magnesium burns?
‘M’ is Magnesium (Mg), and ‘N’ is Magnesium oxide (MgO).
Chemical Equation: 2Mg + O_2 \rightarrow 2MgO
What gases are liberated in the electrolysis of water?
Anode: Oxygen (O₂)
Cathode: Hydrogen (H₂)
Why is the volume of gas collected at one electrode double that at the other in electrolysis?
The volume of hydrogen gas collected at the cathode is double that of oxygen at the anode because water molecules decompose into two moles of hydrogen gas and one mole of oxygen gas.
What happens if dilute H₂SO₄ is not added to water during electrolysis?
Without dilute H₂SO₄, water’s conductivity decreases, hindering the electrolysis process.
